Antioxidants Counteract Nicotine and Promote Migration via RacGTP in Oral Fibroblast Cells

Miguel, Symone M. San; Opperman, Lynne A.; Allen, Edward P.; Zielinski, Jan E.; Svoboda, Kathy K.H.

doi:10.1902/jop.2010.100187

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(172 reference statements)

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“…RAC is a Rho-family small GTPase that participates in cell signaling in migrating cells [56]. Polyphenols were shown to promote cell migration indirectly by contributing to the activation of RacGTPases [57]. Nevertheless, there are no data on the effect of polyphenols on RAC1 gene expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Intake of Resveratrol, Resveratrol Phosphate, and Catechin-Rich Grape Seed Extract on Markers of Oxidative Stress and Gene Expression in Adult Obese Subjects

Groote¹,

Belleghem²,

Devière³

et al. 2012

Ann Nutr Metab

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Background: The preventive effect of resveratrol (RES) on the development of human diseases has been verified by numerous epidemiological studies. Resveratrol triphosphate (RTP) is a stable derivative of RES in which phosphate groups protect the phenolic groups. Aims: This study compared the effect of RTP on biochemical and molecular markers of oxidative stress to equimolar doses (0.66 mmol) of RES and catechin-rich grape seed extract (CGSE) in a model of oxidative and metabolic stress associated with obesity in humans. Methods: Thirty-two obese subjects (BMI between 30 and 40) were enrolled. They all received 1 capsule of placebo/day for 28 days before being randomly devised into three arms receiving 1 capsule/day of RES, CGSE, or RTP during the following consecutive 28 days. Blood samples were collected at baseline, after the end of placebo intake, and after the end of the investigational product intake. Biochemical parameters of oxidative stress and blood expression of 200 redox-related genes were determined at each time point. Results: RTP and CGSE showed better antioxidant activities compared to RES and induced important modulations of gene expression. Conclusion: The results suggest that RTP and CGSE could contribute to a significant reduction of oxidative stress in obese subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Intake of Resveratrol, Resveratrol Phosphate, and Catechin-Rich Grape Seed Extract on Markers of Oxidative Stress and Gene Expression in Adult Obese Subjects

Groote¹,

Belleghem²,

Devière³

et al. 2012

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…Among the more than 4,000 chemicals present in tobacco smoke, nicotine is a key modulator of cellular processes, including cell growth, motility, and differentiation. Nicotine has a negative biological effect on PDL cells in vitro by decreasing their proliferation, migration, attachment, alkaline phosphatase activity, and chemotaxis in a concentration-dependent manner (88, 89). Cigarette smoke inhalation and nicotine administration are also known to enhance murine bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis models.…”

Section: Factors Influencing Pdl Behavior In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of cultured periodontal ligament cells for the clinical and experimental setting: A review

Marchesan

Scanlon

Soehren

et al. 2011

Archives of Oral Biology

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The periodontal ligament (PDL) is a key contributor to the process of regeneration of the periodontium. The heterogeneous nature of the PDL tissue, its development during early adulthood, and the different conditions to which the PDL tissue is exposed to in vivo impart on the PDL unique characteristics that may be of consequence during its cultivation in vitro. Several factors affecting the in vivo setting influence the behavior of PDL fibroblasts in culture. The purpose of this review is to address distinct factors that influence the behavior of PDL fibroblasts in culture — in vivo-in vitro transitions, cell identification/isolation markers, primary PDL cultures and cell lines, tooth-specific factors, and donor-specific factors. Based on the reviewed studies, the authors recommendations include the use of several identification markers to confirm cell identity, use of primary cultures at early passage to maintain unique PDL heterogeneic characteristics, and noting donor conditions such as age, systemic health status, and tooth health status. Continued efforts will expand our understanding of the in vitro and in vivo behavior of cells, with the goal of orchestrating optimal periodontal regeneration. This understanding will lead to improved evidence-based rationales for more individualized and predictable periodontal regenerative therapies.

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“…Based on these observations it has been suggested that nicotine interferes with wound closure by changing the ability of oral fibroblasts to contract wounds. 8 Additional mechanisms to explain nicotine-inhibited cell migration may be through effects on cell adhesion. Nicotine in the range of 5 ng/ml to 10 mg/ml inhibited the attachment and growth of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cotinine on Human Gingival Fibroblast Migration

Wheater¹,

Mouabbi²

2015

Dent Open J

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Nicotine has a deleterious impact on gingival fibroblast cell viability, adhesion, and migration. Less is known regarding the effect of cotinine, the main metabolite of nicotine, on such processes. The objective of this study was to determine if cotinine affects the adhesion or migration of Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGF) in culture. HGF were treated with nicotine or cotinine at several concentrations and dose-response cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. The effects of nicotine and cotinine on HGF adhesion were measured colorimetrically and cell migration was determined using the scratch wound assay. The number of HGF oriented parallel to the wound edge at 24 hours was counted using phase contrast images. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Dunnet's multiple comparison post-test. At the highest concentrations of cotinine (640 ng/ml) and nicotine (400 µg/ml) both HGF survival and cell adhesion were significantly inhibited (p<0.01). By scratch wound assay HGF migration from the wound edge at 24 hours was significantly inhibited by 320 ng/ml (p<0.001) and 640 ng/ml (p<0.001) cotinine, and by 400 µg/ml (p<0.01) nicotine. HGF migration was significantly inhibited by 80 ng/ml (p<0.05), 320 ng/ml (p<0.01) and 640 ng/ml (p<0.001) cotinine and by 100 µg/ml (p<0.01), 200 µg/ml (p<0.01) and 400 µg/ml (p<0.001) nicotine at 48 hours. Significantly more HGF were oriented parallel to wound edge with pre treatment of 10 ng/ml cotinine or 50 µg/ml nicotine before wounding (p<0.001). In HGF exposed to nicotine (400 µg/ml) or cotinine (640 ng/ml), cell survival, cell adhesion, and migration were significantly decreased, but cell polarity was not affected. These concentrations are within ranges of serum levels in smokers, providing evidence that multiple cellular aspects of wound healing are compromised in tobacco users.

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Antioxidants Counteract Nicotine and Promote Migration via RacGTP in Oral Fibroblast Cells

Cited by 32 publications

References 71 publications

Effect of the Intake of Resveratrol, Resveratrol Phosphate, and Catechin-Rich Grape Seed Extract on Markers of Oxidative Stress and Gene Expression in Adult Obese Subjects

Effect of the Intake of Resveratrol, Resveratrol Phosphate, and Catechin-Rich Grape Seed Extract on Markers of Oxidative Stress and Gene Expression in Adult Obese Subjects

Implications of cultured periodontal ligament cells for the clinical and experimental setting: A review

Effects of Cotinine on Human Gingival Fibroblast Migration

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