Antioxidative, antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of the phenolics of Leea indica leaf extract

Abstract

This study investigated the phytochemical, antioxidative, antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of Leea indica leaf ethanol extract. Phytochemical values namely total phenolic and flavonoid contents, total antioxidant capacity, DPPH radical scavenging effect, FeCl3 reducing power, DMSO superoxide scavenging effect and Iron chelating effects were studied by established methods. Antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic effects were screened by disk diffusion technique, food poison technique and brine shrimp bioassay, respectively. Results showed the total phenolic content 24.00 ± 0.81 g GAE/100 g, total flavonoid content 194.68 ± 2.43 g quercetin/100 g and total antioxidant capacity 106.61 ± 1.84 g AA/100 g dry extract. Significant (P < 0.05) IC50 values compared to respective standards were recorded in DPPH radical scavenging (139.83 ± 1.40 μg/ml), FeCl3 reduction (16.48 ± 0.64 μg/ml), DMSO superoxide scavenging (676.08 ± 5.80 μg/ml) and Iron chelating (519.33 ± 16.96 μg/ml) methods. In antibacterial screening, the extract showed significant (P < 0.05) zone of inhibitions compared to positive controls Ampicillin and Tetracycline against Gram positive Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, and Staphylococcus aureus and Gram negative Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio cholerae, and Escherichia coli. Significant minimum inhibitory concentrations compared to tetracycline were obtained against the above organisms. In antifungal assay, the extract inhibited the growth of Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans and Fusarium equisetii by 38.09 ± 0.59, 22.58 ± 2.22, and 22.58 ± 2.22%, respectively. The extract showed a significant LC50 value compared to vincristine sulfate in cytotoxic assay. The results evidenced the potential antioxidative, antimicrobial and cytotoxic capacities of Leea inidica leaf extract to be processed for pharmaceutical use.

Antioxidant and Antimalarial Activity of Leea indica leaf extract against Malaria-mice Model

“…This result different with the previous study reported from Malaysia where the phenolic concentration of 19.15 mg GAE/g from the ethanolic extract, 15.61 mg GAE/g from ethyl acetate and 1.29 mg GAE/g from n-hexane extract (Reddy et al, 2012). Another study conducted in Bangladesh also reported differently (Rahman et al, 2012), indicating that there is a different in phenolic concentration in L. indica leaf. There are several factors affecting the phenolic compound of plant including the environmental condition such as climate, season, geographical condition, precipitation, temperature and land (Bouterfas et al, 2014).…”

Antioxidant, antidiarrheal, hypoglycemic and thrombolytic activities of organic and aqueous extracts of Hopea odorata leaves and in silico PASS prediction of its isolated compounds

“…The induction of diarrhea by castor oil is attributed to its active ingredient ricinoleic acid which stimulates the production of several inflammatory mediator substances that include prostaglandins, nitric oxide, and platelet activating factor, cAMP, histamine and tachykinins [50]. The mediators thus released promote vasodilatation, smooth muscle contraction, and mucus secretion in the small intestines.…”

Comparative Study of Potential Anti-Cancerous and Cardio Protective Activities of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Cycleabarbata and Entadapursaetha

“…Bacterial plasminogen activator such asstaphylokinase, streptokinase, act as cofactor molecules that cause exosite formation and improve the substrate performance towards the enzyme. Staphylokinase activates plasminogen to be in a position to break down clots, also damages the extracellular matrix and fibrin particles that keep cell together (Parry et al, 2000;Collen, 1990;Rahman et al, 2013). From the above experiments, it would be alluring to investigate both the mechanism underlying clot lytic effects demonstrated by C. barbata and E. pursaetha leaf extract.…”