Antioxidative Metabolites Synthesized by Marine Pigmented Vibrio sp. and Its Protection on Oxidative Deterioration of Membrane Lipids

Abstract

Bacterial strain Vibrio sp. (PIGB 184) isolated from water samples of the Arabian Sea and identified through 16S rRNA demonstrated the production of pigmentary antioxidants with higher ABTS activities 90.9 ± 0.42 % in comparison with the standard commercial pigmented antioxidant, quercetin 88.8 ± 1.4 %. Antioxidative metabolites of this strain substantially inhibit the lipid peroxidation (LPO) reactions tested in sheep liver and brain. The antioxidant compounds produced by the Vibrio sp. (PIGB 184), analysed by GC-MS, reveals that it is composed mostly of phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) and pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione,hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl). The interrelationship assessed between LPO and the phenolic compounds showed significant correlation with anti-LPO properties (R (2) = 0.9698 to 0.9861). These compounds are responsible for obstruction of harmful radical associated biochemical reactions in biological systems. Pigmented metabolites also tested for attributive biological properties against pathogenic bacteria showed prominent inhibition towards Gram-positive organisms (31.25 to 62.5 μg ml(-1)). From this study, it may be suggested that the marine bacterium PIGB 184 could be used as a potential bio-resource for antioxidants and needs to be worked out for mass production.

Chemical Composition, Security and Bioactivity of the Red Pigment from Penicillium purpurogenum Li‐3

“…Natural pigments with the characteristic of chemical stability, chemically diverse and rich colors are produced by filamentous fungi. [2] Moreover, natural pigments such as, anthraquinone, flavonoid, carotenoids, etc., produced from microorganism, have pharmaceutical applications and exhibit several beneficial biological activities, e. g., antioxidant, [3] antimicrobial, [4] anticarcinogenic, [5] antiinflammatory, [6] antiobesity, anti-angiogenic and neuroprotective. [7] Therefore, the utilization of natural pigments with medicinal values in foodstuff has aroused people's concern in recent years.…”

Volatile Nitrogenous Compounds from Bacteria: Source of Novel Bioactive Compounds

“…Pyrrolo-pyrazines are reported to be produced by both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria commonly associated with bacterial species isolated from mangrove soils, plant rhizosphere, marine sediments, and sea sponges. [20][21][22][24][25][26] This group of compounds is related to many drugs currently used for the treatment of cancer, bacterial and fungal infections, high cholesterol and anti-viral, such as those used against HIV. [27,28] The large size and high boiling point of pyrrolopyrazines, compared to other compounds, make them less susceptible to volatilizing when subject to the temperatures used in the headspace (in Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME), for example), thus also making this class more prominent for liquid-liquid extraction (LLE).…”

“…and Bacillus sp. (ND) Algicidal [24,37] Bacillus subtilis and Achromobacter kerstersii (sea and rizhosphere soil) Antifungal [30,47] Streptomyces (mangrove soil) Antioxidant [48,49] -dione, hexahydro,3-(2-methyl propyl) Staphylococcus sp. (Deep Sea sediments and marine sponges)…”

“…Nematicidal and antifungal [9,10,43,45] Lysobacter (ND) ND [24] Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ND) ND [70] Pseudomonas putida (Pepper roots) ND [70] Clostridium (Fermented liquor residue) ND [63] 2,5-dimethyl-3-(3-methylbutyl) Streptomyces (Mangrove soil) Antioxidant [64,65] 2-Methoxy-3,6-dimethylpyrazine Escherichia coli (ND) ND [71] Methyl pyrazines 2,5-bis(1-methylethyl)-pyrazine and 2,5-bis(3indolmethyl)pyrazine…”

A Review of Pigments Derived from Marine Natural Products

“…A yellow pigment ( 79 ) was isolated from marine bacterial strain Vibrio sp ., isolated from water samples of the Arabian Sea. This pigment has antioxidant activity and shows significant inhibition of Gram‐positive organisms (MIC=31.25 to 62.5 μ g/ml) in the attribute biological properties against pathogenic bacteria.…”