Antiparasitic Action of Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 and Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM Strains in CD-1 Mice Experimentally Infected with Trichinella britovi

Abstract

Nematodes of the genus Trichinella are among the most widespread parasites of domestic and wild omnivores and predatory animals. The present study aimed to evaluate the antiparasitic effect of Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 (original) and L. paracasei CNCM in CD-1 mice experimentally infected with Trichinella britovi. Four groups of 20 mice (10 females and 10 males/group) were used, with two control (C) groups and two experimental (E) groups, in which each animal received a daily oral dose of 100 µl of 105 CFU/ml probiotics in Ringer’s solution. On day 7, all mice (except the negative control group) were infected orally with Trichinella (100 larvae/animal) as well as the two probiotics. On day 9 post-infection (p.i.), 10 mice/group were euthanized, and the presence of adult parasites in the intestinal content and wall was tested. On day 32 p.i., 10 mice/group were euthanized, then trichinoscopy and artificial digestion were performed to assess the muscle infection with T. britovi. On day 9 p.i., the experimental group pretreated with L. casei ATCC 393 (6.3 ± 3.03) showed a significantly lower number of adult parasites in the intestinal wall compared with the positive control group (24.6 ± 4.78). Additionally, a significantly lower adult parasite count in the intestinal wall was registered in female mice pretreated with L. paracasei CNCM (7.4 ± 4.71) compared to female mice from the positive control (29.0 ± 5.17). No statistically relevant results were obtained concerning the male mice or the data obtained at 32 days p.i., irrespective of mice gender.

Antiparasitic Activity of Enterocin M and Durancin-like from Beneficial Enterococci in Mice Experimentally Infected with Trichinella spiralis

“…E. faecium CCM8558 suppressed the production of newborn larvae by 74%, Enterocin M suppressed it by 61%, E. durans ED26E/7 suppressed it by 66%, and Durancinlike suppressed it by 38%. Similarly, a suppressive effect of lactobacilli and enterococci on Trichinella female fecundity was found [14], despite the fact that the lactobacilli did not affect the number of adults in the gut. Enterococci belong to LAB with production of lactic acid and other organic acids (acetate and butyrate), which [47][48][49] induce low pH in the intestine and can directly affect parasites [50].…”

“…A similar inhibitory capacity against adult trichinella was recorded in our previous work [12], 53% for E. faecium CCM8558 and 38% for E. durans ED26E/7. Oral administration of various lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus casei ATCC 7469 or ATCC 393, L. plantarum P164, L. acidophilus P110, and L. paracasei CNCM, reduced counts of adults in mice by 36-74% [11,14,38].…”

“…Probiotic/beneficial bacteria can successfully reduce the pathogenicity of many parasites [9,10]. Several works described an active role of probiotics in trichinellosis control [8,[11][12][13][14][15]. Probiotics' mode of action consists of competitive elimination of pathogens, enhancement of the gut epithelial barrier, secretion of active molecules, and immunomodulation [9].…”

Human parasitic infections of the class Adenophorea: global epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention and control

“…Rodent control and appropriate sanitation help to prevent the transmission of C. hepaticum , Trichinella , and D. renale . In addition to current measures, other prevention methods are being researched, such as vaccines [ 205 ] and probiotics to prevent T. spiralis [ 206 ] and T. britovi [ 207 ] infections. The chemical, dihydrobenzoxazepinone OX02983, can inhibit egg development and hatching by breaking the life cycle of T. trichiura [ 208 ].…”

Modulatory Effect of Beneficial Enterococci and Their Enterocins on the Blood Phagocytes in Murine Experimental Trichinellosis

“…Oral application of other lactic acid strains Lactobacillus casei ATCC 7469, L. acidophilus P110, and L. plantarum P164 reduced trichinella in the intestine of mice by 36–58% [ 38 , 39 ]. Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 and L. paracasei CNCM caused a significant reduction in adults in the gut [ 40 ]. However, the application of Enterococcus faecalis CECT7121 did not affect adult T. spiralis burden in the gut in mice [ 41 ].…”