Antiparasitic Effect of Formalin, Trichlorfon, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Copper Sulfate on the Parasitic Isopod &lt;i&gt;Caecognathia coralliophila&lt;/i&gt;

Thing, Chong Yen; Ransangan, Julian; Hatai, Kishio

doi:10.3147/jsfp.51.125

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In this study, the e cacy of trichlorfon varied from 20 to 23%. Contrary to what was observed in this study with acanthocephalan, Thing et al (2016) found that trichlorfon killed isopod parasites Caecognathia coralliophila within 24 hours at 0.2 mg/L in farmed tiger grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus. Regarding withdrawal period, the analyzes of the muscle of grass carp Ctenopharingodon idella revealed that after ve days of the last administration of 0.25 mg/L of tricloforn, no signs of bioaccumulation of the chemical or of its metabolites were found (Guimarães et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Treatments for the control of Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae (Acanthocephala) in tambaqui Colossoma macropomum

et al. 2023

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Intensive sh farming with inadequate management can imbalance the sh-pathogen-environment relationship, culminating in diseases outbreaks. In the case of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum farming, it may be affected by acanthocephalosis, a parasitic infection without a speci c and safe treatment yet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the active ingredients in trichlorfon, albendazole, piperazine and ivermectin, as well as calcium hydroxide and diatomaceous earth incorporated to the feed, to control Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae (Acanthocephala) in tambaqui. A 63-day trial was conducted in a completely randomized experimental design, with 7 treatments, 3 replicates each and 54 sh per treatment. Fish were sampled for weight gain and parasite count on days 0, 15, 35, and 63. In general, the e cacy of anthelmintics was low in the treatment of N. buttnerae in tambaqui. Nevertheless, among the tested products, calcium hydroxide and diatomaceous earth showed promising results (48.17% and 36.44% e cacy, respectively), followed by ivermectin and piperazine (15.93% and 12.63%, respectively). Future studies are warranted to test longer drug administration periods, novel products, and diverse experimental conditions to treat N. buttnerae in tambaqui, to provide information to develop strategies for disease management.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Treatments for the control of Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae (Acanthocephala) in tambaqui Colossoma macropomum

et al. 2023

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“…In the present study, for the comparison of the anti-parasitic effect of the plant extracts, we used formalin as a positive control, since it is vastly utilized for the removal of parasites in aquaculture facilities 14 . Besides, other chemicals such as trichlorfon, hydrogen peroxide and copper sulfate have also been used as an anti-parasitic agent 32 . In Malaysia, other drugs like benzalkonium chloride, acriflavine, malachite green, hypochlorite and poly-vinyl pyrrolidine are also utilized for the removal of parasites in aquaculture facilities 33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiparasitic potential of Nephrolepis biserrata methanol extract against the parasitic leech Zeylanicobdella arugamensis (Hirudinea) and LC-QTOF analysis

Shah

Maran

Haron

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Marine leech Zeylanicobdella arugamensis (Piscicolidae), an economically important parasite is infesting predominantly cultured groupers, hybrid groupers and other fish in Southeast Asian countries. In this study, we tested the anti-parasitic potential of a medicinal plant Nephrolepis biserrata found in Sabah, East Malaysia against Z. arugamensis. Various concentrations of methanol extracts of the plant were tested experimentally against Z. arugamensis and disinfestation of the leech from its primary host hybrid groupers. The composition of methanol extract of N. biserrata was determined through LC-QTOF analysis. The significant anti-parasitic activity of 100% mortality of leeches was observed with the exposure of N. biserrata extracts. The average time to kill the leeches at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml was 25.11 ± 3.26, 11.91 ± 0.99, and 4.88 ± 0.50 min., respectively. Further, at various low concentrations of N. biserrata 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/ml, hybrid groupers were disinfested in an average time of 108.33 ± 12.65, 65.83 ± 9.70 and 29.16 ± 5.85 min., respectively. The tandem mass spectrometry data from LC-QTOF indicated some hits on useful bioactive compounds such as terpenoids (ivalin, isovelleral, brassinolide, and eschscholtzxanthin), flavonoids (alnustin, kaempferol 7,4′-dimethyl ether, and pachypodol), phenolics (piscidic acid, chlorogenic acid, and ankorine), and aromatic (3-hydroxycoumarin). Thus N. biserrata can act as a potential biocontrol agent.

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“…Formalin has also been used to treat another type of fish parasite. For example, Thing et al [34] demonstrated that exposure to 100 and 200 ppm formalin killed pathogenic isopods, Caecognathia coralliophila, in vitro within 24 h. In the antiparasitic test, 250 and 400 ppm of formalin were also found to be effective to remove Benedenia seriolae and Zeuxapta seriolae monogeneans from the yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi [35]. In addition, the antiparasitic effectiveness of formalin in the freshwater environment to control the protozoan parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis had also been reported [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiparasitic Potential of Methanol Extract of Brown Alga Sargassum polycystum (Phaeophyceae) and Its LC-MS/MS Metabolite Profiling

et al. 2022

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In Southeast Asian nations, cultured hybrid groupers are facing serious infestation by the marine parasitic leech Zeylanicobdella arugamensis (Annelida, Hirudinea). They attach to the hybrid groupers by sucking and biting on the surface of the skin, paving the way for secondary infection upon the fish. The objective of the study is to utilize the locally available seaweed to control the infestation of parasitic leeches. The methanol extracts of the brown alga Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh, 1824 (Phaeophyceae) from Sabah were prepared and investigated for antiparasitic efficacy against Z. arugamensis through in vitro bioassay. A total of 126 adult leeches from the host hybrid groupers were obtained from the fish hatchery. The parasitic leeches were treated with the methanol extracts of S. polycystum for 180 min by preparing five different dosages at concentrations of 100, 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.25 mg/mL. The brown alga was found to have high antiparasitic efficacy, resulting in 100% leech mortality over a short period of time. It showed the highest antiparasitic efficacy (total mortality of leeches) in a short time limit of 0.96 ± 0.44 min, for 100 mg/mL of the extract. Observations on leech behavior in the positive control and the seaweed extract treatments showed vigorous swimming before mortality. LC-MS/MS analysis was used to reveal the phytochemical composition of the extract to understand the nature of the main components responsible for its antiparasitic activities. A total of 29 metabolites were identified via Q Exactive HF Orbitrap mass spectrometry, including two flavonoids (ephedrannin A and hinokiflavone), two organoarsenics (1-dimethylarsinoyl-heptadecane and cacodylic acid), four heterocyclic compounds, and two chlorophyll breakdown products. The presence of bioactive compounds could increase the mortality rate of parasitic leeches. Thus, this study concludes that the brown alga showed high efficacy in its antiparasitic activities and can be effectively applied for treatment in grouper aquaculture farms for sustainable aquaculture.

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Antiparasitic Effect of Formalin, Trichlorfon, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Copper Sulfate on the Parasitic Isopod <i>Caecognathia coralliophila</i>

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Treatments for the control of Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae (Acanthocephala) in tambaqui Colossoma macropomum

Treatments for the control of Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae (Acanthocephala) in tambaqui Colossoma macropomum

Antiparasitic potential of Nephrolepis biserrata methanol extract against the parasitic leech Zeylanicobdella arugamensis (Hirudinea) and LC-QTOF analysis

Antiparasitic Potential of Methanol Extract of Brown Alga Sargassum polycystum (Phaeophyceae) and Its LC-MS/MS Metabolite Profiling

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