Antiparasitic effect of wild rue (Peganum harmala L.) against experimentally induced coccidiosis in broiler chicks

Abstract

Organic farming of poultry has increased in recent years as the prophylactic use of antibiotics has come into disfavor. This study was conducted to explore the antiparasitic effect of a methanolic extract of Peganum harmala in broilers challenged with coccidiosis. For this purpose, 200 1-week-old broiler chicks were divided into five treatments: negative control (basal diet, Ph-0/NC), positive control (basal diet with coccidiosis challenge, Ph-0/C), and three groups challenged with coccidiosis and supplemented with P. harmala at the rate of 200 mg L(-1) (Ph-200), 250 mg L(-1) (Ph-250), and 300 mg L(-1) (Ph-300) drinking water. Each group had three replicates of ten chicks each. Challenge with standard dose of the larvae of coccidiosis and supplementation of P. harmala were initiated on day 14 until 35 days of age. As expected, the results revealed that weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were depressed significantly in Ph-0 group with significant mortality percentage. Weight gain, total body weight, and FCR increased linearly with increasing dose of P. harmala with the exception of feed intake. The growth and feed efficiency of Ph-0/NC was better in Ph-0/NC compared to that in Ph-0/C and comparable to that in P. harmala-treated birds. Similarly, mean ooccytes per gram (OPG) decreased linearly (P < 0.05) in supplemented groups compared to that in Ph-0/C. Histological evidences showed that cecal lesion and leucocyte infiltration decreased markedly in supplemented groups of P. harmala specifically the Ph-300 group compared to those in Ph-0/C. From the present experiment, we concluded the anticoccidial effect of P. harmala in broiler chicks.

Anticoccidial effect of garlic (Allium sativum) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) against experimentally induced coccidiosis in broiler chickens

“…Coccidiosis is one of the major protozoan diseases of poultry caused by genus Emeria. This organism mostly affects the gastrointestinal tract causing reduced feed intake, weight gain, worsen feed efficiency and higher mortality (Tanweer et al 2014;Chand et al 2016). Massive economic losses are associated with the outbreak of coccidiosis in the form of morbidity and mortality of the birds (Abudabos et al 2017).…”

“…Eimeria species mostly infect the ceca and small intestines. During caecal coccidiosis, different types of lesions are present which depend upon the species of coccidia (Tanweer et al 2014). The organisms proliferate in the intestinal cells and cause tissue destruction (Arczewska et al 2012).…”

In Vivo Antihypercholesterolemic Potential of Swietenia mahagoni Leaf Extract

“…The mechanism of induction of atherogenesis has been shown to be as a result of the accumulation of oxidized lipids within the artery wall. High plasma level of cholesterol, LDL cholesterol in particular, is one of the prominent risk factors for atherosclerosis and thus cardiovascular diseases [23]. Medicinal plants and their derivatives are promisingly gaining wide usage worldwide as they are a potential source of bioactive agents used as pharmaceuticals [24].…”

Cytotoxic Constituents and Mechanism from Peganum harmala

“…Recent research was carried out on the chemical composition which revealed that β ‐carboline and quinazoline alkaloids are important ingredients accounting for many pharmacological and therapeutic effects, such as analgesic , antibacterial , antiparasitic activity , strong reversible inhibition activity of monoamine oxidase , and cytotoxic activities, etc . [7 – 9].…”