Antiplasmodial activity of certain medicinal plants against chloroquine resistant Plasmodium berghei infected white albino BALB/c mice

Abstract

In the present study of antimalarial efficacy, aqueous extracts of leaves and unripe fruits of Psidium guajava, leaves of Ocimum sanctum and leaves of Murraya koenigii are evaluated against Plasmodium berghei (chloroquine resistant NK65 strain) infected white albino BALB/c mice. A 7 days oral administration was adopted with different dosage viz., 350 mg, 750 mg and 1,000 mg/kg body weight as treatment schedule along with parasite (Group I) and drug control with Chloroquine, 50 mg/kg body weight (Group II). All the parts were extracted based on the decoction method, which is commonly seen among the villagers/tribes as their usual method of preparation of decoction for most of the ailments. The antimalarial activities were evaluated from the giemsa stained blood smears collected from different treated groups of mice used in this experiment. The antiplasmodial effect that is percent parasitaemia and percent suppression (values in parenthesis) showed by the treated groups of mice at 350 mg/kg b. wt. by the aqueous extracts of P. guajava leaves (Group III) was 19.8 ± 1.22 (73.7 %), P. guajava unripe fruits (Group IV) was 52.7 ± 2.19 (30.0 %), leaves of O. sanctum (Group V) was 64.0 ± 0.73 (15.1 %) and leaves of M. koenigii (Group VI) was 28.9 ± 0.81 (61.6 %) whereas at 750 mg/ kg b. wt., it all showed 10.3 ± 0.7 (80.2 %), 26.3 ± 0.52 (65.1 %), 42.0 ± 0.47 (44.2 %) and 14.9 ± 0.46 (71.5 %) whereas at 1,000 mg/kg b. wt. dose, it all showed 9.2 ± 0.39 (85.8 %), 25.6 ± 0.40 (62.0 %), 41.8 ± 0.29 (35.5 %) and 14.0 ± 0.42 (76.9 %) respectively. Keywords Medicinal plants ÁIn vivo antimalarial bioassay Á Mice Á P. berghei

Antiplasmodial activity of aqueous extract ofBerberis aristataroots againstPlasmodium berghei-infected BALB/c mice

“…This problem is observed during the long-term treatment of malaria (Lacrue et al, 2011). Moreover, similar antiplasmodial studies suggested that follow-up of mice for at least 1 month becomes necessary in order to monitor the efficacy of any antimalarial drug (Rajendran et al, 2014). Thus, all mice were observed for their mean survival time period in the present study.…”

“…A dose of 350 mg/kg/body weight showed 53.9% chemosuppression. A similar in vivo study revealed that various crude extracts obtained from Psidium guajava, Ocimum sanctum, and Murraya koenigii showed antiplasmodial activity against P. berghei infected albino mice with various higher doses namely 350, 750, and 1000 mg/kg, p.o., bw for 7 d (Rajendran et al, 2014). Herein, the in vivo activity of AREBA was recommended to be strong as previous studies, as the lower dose, i.e., 350 mg/kg bw exerted suppressive activity by 53.9% (Figure 3).…”

Health Effects of Psidium guajava L. Leaves: An Overview of the Last Decade

“…The leaves also showed anti-malarial effect in BALB/c mice infected with Plasmodium berghei via parasitemia suppression [99]. Moreover, guava leaves are also recommended for treating infectious diarrhea since they prevented intestinal colonization of Citrobacter rodentium in Swiss albino mice [100].…”

Chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant and antiparasitic properties of the essential oils of three plants used in traditional medicine in Benin.

“…Recently, promising in vitro antiplasmodial activity against 3D7 (IC 50 ≤ 20 μg/ml), was seen in leaves ethyl acetate extracts and methanol extracts of Pg (Kaushik et al, 2015) and synergistic activities of combination with ethanol and water macerations of Mangifera indica, Carica papaya, Cymbopogon citratus, Citrus sinensis, and Ocimum gratissimum were reported against P. falciparum 3D7 and Dd2 strains (Tarkang et al, 2014). Aqueous decoctions of Pg also showed anti-plasmodial activity against chloroquine resistant P. berghei (Rajendran et al, 2014).…”

“…Maceration, infusion or decoction in water of different parts of P. guajava are used in several countries as febrifuge or in skin problems (Gutiérrez et al, 2008;Hermans et al, 2004;Ajaiyeoba et al, 2003). Aqueous decoctions and various extracts from leaves and flowers of P. guajava, alone or in combination with other medicinal plant extracts possess in vitro anti-plasmodial activities (Kaushik et al, 2015;Tarkang et al 2014;Rajendran et al, 2014;Chinchilla, et al, 2012). E. camaldulensis leaves are used alone and in combination with other plants to treat malaria and typhoid fevers in some Northern parts of Nigeria and ethanolic extracts possess in vivo anti-trypanosomal activities (Kabiru et al, 2013).…”