Antiplatelet properties of snake venoms: a mini review

A Review on Anti-Thrombotic Agents Derived from Snake Venom Protein

“…This figure shows two mechanisms for Phospholipase A2 as anticoagulant: Non enzymatic and enzymatic [18]. This table shows the Metalloproteinases groups based on domain structure and molecular weight and their Haemorrhagic effect [40].…”

“…L-amino acid oxidases (LAAO): L-amino acid oxidases (LAAOs) are flavoproteins found in Elapidae and Viperidae, but especially in Crotaline [11,32,42]. These enzymes represent a variety of biological activities in the victim such as cytotoxicity, myotoxicity, and edema, which induce clinical symptoms of envenomation [11,23,40,43]. L-amino acid oxidases are shown a broad range of pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, platelet aggregation (anticoagulant), cellular apoptosis (anticancer), and anti-HIV activity [1,44].…”

Bioactive Molecules Derived from Snake Venoms with Therapeutic Potential for the Treatment of Thrombo-Cardiovascular Disorders Associated with COVID-19

“…These components remain highly relevant for use as experimental tools to elucidate several physiological Fig. 1 Snake venom composition, biological activities and snake venom derived-compounds as drugs [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] (ACh Esterases acetyl choline esterases, SVMPs snake venom metalloproteinases, SVSPs Snake Venom Serine proteinases, SV-PLA2s Snake venom phospho-lipases A2, SV-LAAOs snake venom L-amino acid oxidases, CRISPs cysteine-rich secretory proteins, NGF nerve growth factor, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor) mechanisms given their selective modes of action. In addition, snake venom derived-compounds can serve as good drugs for developing new biotherapeutics and diagnostics with relevant biomedical applications for many human diseases.…”

“…Such isolated snake venoms-derived compounds have long been known to possess medicinal and pharmacological properties [9]. Many of them could be used as antithrombotic [10], antiplatelet [11], antibacterial [12], antifungal [13], antiparasitic [14], anti-inflammatory drugs, and interestingly, as potential antiviral against several viral diseases (Fig. 1).…”

Egyptian cobra (Naja haje haje) venom phospholipase A2: a promising antiviral agent with potent virucidal activity against simian rotavirus and bovine coronavirus

“…Nowadays, several drugs are ascribed to patients derived from snake venom such as Captopril, a strong hypotensive drug approved by the FDA, and was discovered from bradykinin potentiating peptide (BPP) purified from Brazilian Bothrops jararaca pit viper venom (Costa et al 2018 ). Tirofiban (Aggrastat) and Eptifibatide (Integrilin) are two antithrombotic drugs synthesized from snake venom disintegrins and prescribed for the treatment of acute coronary disease and angina (Rashidi et al 2020 ). In that way, many trails have been done to express snake venom proteins that exhibit therapeutic activities by different biotechnological strategies to increase the yield of these components.…”