Antiproliferative activity and induction of apoptotic by ethanolic extract of Alpinia galanga rhizhome in human breast carcinoma cell line

Abstract

BackgroundWe investigated the potential of galangal rhizomes to induce cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in the cultured human breast carcinoma cell line, (MCF-7) in compare with the non-malignant (MRC-5) cells.MethodsBoth cells were cultured in DMEM medium and treated with galangal rhizomes for three consecutive days. The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by flow cytometry using Annexin-V fluorescein isothiocyanate.ResultsThe results showed that the ethanolic extract of galangal rhizomes decreased cell viability in the malignant cells as a concentration- and time- dependent manner. The IC50 values against MCF-7 were determined at 400.0 ± 11.7 and 170.0 ± 5.9 μg/ml after 48 and 72 h respectively. The morphology of MCF-7 cells treated with the ethanolic extract confirmed the cell proliferation assay results. Alpinia galanga induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, as determined by flow cytometry.ConclusionsWe concluded that the extract of Alpinia galanga exerts pro-apoptotic effects in a breast cancer-derived cell line and could be considered as a potential chemotherapeutic agent in breast cancer.

An overview of chemical constituents from Alpinia species in the last six decades

“…[21][22][23] Thus, a growing investigation on the chemical constituents and bioactivities of this genus has been carried out since 1955. 24 Consequently, Alpinia species were proved to have various biological activities including antiulcer, 25 antiemetic, [26][27][28] antibacterial, [29][30][31] antitumor, [32][33][34] hypoglycemic, 35 cardioprotection, 36 antifungi, 37 neuroprotection, 38,39 and antianxiety activities. 40 Up to 2015, this genus contributed about 252 papers.…”

Cytotoxicity of Alpinia galanga Rhizome Crude Extract on NIH-3T3 Cells

“…For example, IC 50 of ARCE in COR-L23 cells, a lung cancer cell line, was 5.4-13.3 μg/ mL and IC 50 of ARCE in MCF7 cells, a breast cancer cell line, was 5.4-170 μg/mL. (26,27) ARCE was also reported to induce apoptosis in PC-3 cells, a prostate cancer cell line, in concentration of 100 μg/mL, 69% of total tested PC-3 cells were induced into apoptosis. (28) This suggested that ARCE has higher cytotoxic activity in cancer cells.…”

A Review on Phytochemical and Pharmacological Potential of Alpinia galanga

“…It was found that Alpinia galanga induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, as determined by flow cytometry. 47 The active compound, 1'S'-1'-acetoxychavicol acetate were found to provide inhibition of the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma in in vitro or in vivo by inhibition of the constitutive activation of NF-κB through suppression of IKKα/β activation Figure 3. The effect of the compound is also correlated with a down-regulation of NF-κB regulated gene (FasL and Bim), including proinflammatory (NF-κB and COX-2) and proliferative (cyclin D1) biomarkers in tumor tissue Table 1. 48 Alpinia galanga was found to cause antitumor activity.…”