Antiproliferative Effect and Mediation of Apoptosis in Human Hepatoma HepG2 Cells Induced by Djulis Husk and Its Bioactive Compounds

Tu, Dom‐Gene; Chyau, Charng-Cherng; Chen, Shih‐Ying; Chu, Heuy-Ling; Wang, Shu-Chen; Duh, Pin-Der

doi:10.3390/foods9101514

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…CF is considered a high nutritional value food and a source of bioactive compounds to human health [ 18 ]. Besides abundant dietary fiber, starch, grain-limited essential amino acids, and polyphenols [ 19 , 20 ], CF also contains a class of compounds with a long history of medicinal use, called phytoecdysteroids [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Previous studies have reported that CF displayed several biological activities, including, anti-obesity [ 21 ], antihypertensive [ 22 ], antihyperglycemic [ 25 , 26 ], hepatoprotective [ 27 , 28 , 29 ], anticarcinogenic [ 23 , 24 , 30 , 31 ] and anti-aging properties [ 19 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides abundant dietary fiber, starch, grain-limited essential amino acids, and polyphenols [ 19 , 20 ], CF also contains a class of compounds with a long history of medicinal use, called phytoecdysteroids [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Previous studies have reported that CF displayed several biological activities, including, anti-obesity [ 21 ], antihypertensive [ 22 ], antihyperglycemic [ 25 , 26 ], hepatoprotective [ 27 , 28 , 29 ], anticarcinogenic [ 23 , 24 , 30 , 31 ] and anti-aging properties [ 19 , 32 ]. Nevertheless, neither the detailed skin protective effects of CF extract nor the underlying mechanisms against skin intrinsic and extrinsic aging associated with oxidative and glycation stress have been revealed to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protective Effect of Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) Extract against UV- and AGEs-Induced Skin Aging via Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Collagen Degradation

et al. 2022

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Skin aging is a complex process involving photoaging and glycation stress, which share some fundamental pathways and have common mediators. They can cause skin damage and collagen degradation by inducing oxidative stress and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Chenopodium formosanum (CF), also known as Djulis, is a traditional cereal in Taiwan. This study investigated the protection mechanisms of CF extract against ultraviolet (UV) radiation and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced stress. The results indicated that CF extract had strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects. It could reduce UV-induced intracellular ROS generation and initiate the antioxidant defense system by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway in human skin fibroblasts. CF extract modulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and transformed growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathways to alleviate oxidative stress-induced skin aging. Moreover, the results revealed that CF extract not only promoted collagen synthesis but also improved aging-induced collagen degradation. CF extract attenuated AGEs-induced ROS production and the upregulation of receptor for AGEs (RAGE). The overall results suggest that CF extract provides an effective anti-aging strategy by preventing skin damage from oxidative stress and collagen loss with potent antioxidant, anti-photoaging, and antiglycation activities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) Extract against UV- and AGEs-Induced Skin Aging via Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Collagen Degradation

et al. 2022

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“…The endogenous pathway surrounding mitochondria is mainly mediated by the proteins of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family. Several structural features are altered during apoptosis: membrane blistering, cytoplasmic crumpling, DNA breaks, chromatin condensation, and DNA degradation of chromosomes [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Ganoderma atrum Polysaccharide on Acrolein-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagic Flux in IEC-6 Cells

Wang¹,

Chang²,

Zheng³

et al. 2022

Foods

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This study was designed to explore the beneficial effect and mechanism of Ganoderma atrum (G. atrum) polysaccharide (PSG-1) on acrolein-induced IEC-6 cells. Our results indicated that PSG-1 significantly reduced the impairment of acrolein on cell viability, decreased oxidative stress, and enabled normal expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins that were inhibited by acrolein in IEC-6 cells. Furthermore, PSG-1 attenuated the elevation of microtubule-associated proteins light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin 1-like protein 1 (Beclin 1) and increased the protein levels of phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) and phospho-akt (p-akt), indicating that PSG-1 activated the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and alleviated acrolein-induced autophagy in IEC-6 cells. Moreover, PSG-1 markedly attenuated the acrolein-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by the increase in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression, and the decrease in cysteine aspartate lyase (caspase)-3 and caspase-9. In addition, autophagy the inhibitor inhibited acrolein-induced TJ and apoptosis of IEC-6 cells, while the apoptosis inhibitor also inhibited acrolein-induced TJ and autophagy, suggesting that autophagy and apoptosis were mutually regulated. Taken together, the present study proved that PSG-1 could protect IEC-6 cells from acrolein-induced oxidative stress and could repair TJ by inhibiting apoptosis and autophagic flux, where autophagy and apoptosis were mutually regulated.

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“…Both dietary fibre and polyphenols may impact the composition of gut microbiota, but, at the same time, the metabolism of polyphenols and their bioavailability depends on the gut microbiota’s composition [ 18 ]. Previous studies have shown that djulis has antioxidant, liver protective, skin protective, hypolipidaemic, hypoglycaemic, and antitumour activities [ 17 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Djulis hull is considered agricultural waste that is usually removed during food processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Djulis Hull Improves Insulin Resistance and Modulates the Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet (HFD)-Induced Hyperglycaemia

Tung

Zeng

et al. 2021

Antioxidants

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In this study, we annotated the major flavonoid glycoside, rutin, of djulis hull crude extract using a Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) library and its MS/MS spectra. To evaluate the protective effect of djulis hull crude extract and rutin on glucose tolerance, we fed mice a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks to induce hyperglycaemia. These results showed that crude extract significantly decreased HFD-induced elevation in the area under the curve (AUC) of weekly random blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT), homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), and advanced glycation end product (AGE) levels, and significantly increased pIRS1 and Glut4 protein expression in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and liver. Furthermore, the HFD-induced reduction in the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) was reversed by crude extract. In addition, ZO-1 and occludin protein expression in the colon was markedly downregulated in HFD-fed mice, resulting in decreased intestinal permeability and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) translocation, but were restored following crude extract. Moreover, the crude extract intervention had a profound effect on the alpha diversity and microbial community in the gut microbiota. Therefore, djulis hull crude extract could improve blood glucose and increase insulin receptor sensitivity in HFD-induced hyperglycaemia, which is likely due to its modulation of the gut microbiota, preservation of the integrity of the intestinal barrier to reduce body inflammation, increased antioxidant activity, and modulation of insulin signalling.

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Antiproliferative Effect and Mediation of Apoptosis in Human Hepatoma HepG2 Cells Induced by Djulis Husk and Its Bioactive Compounds

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Protective Effect of Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) Extract against UV- and AGEs-Induced Skin Aging via Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Collagen Degradation

Protective Effect of Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) Extract against UV- and AGEs-Induced Skin Aging via Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Collagen Degradation

Protective Effect of Ganoderma atrum Polysaccharide on Acrolein-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagic Flux in IEC-6 Cells

Djulis Hull Improves Insulin Resistance and Modulates the Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet (HFD)-Induced Hyperglycaemia

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