Antiproliferative Rapeseed Defatted Meal Protein and Their Hydrolysates on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells and Human Fibroblasts

Abstract

Defatted rapeseed meal (DRM) is a sub-valorized agro-industrial by-product, with a high protein content whose peptides could have potential anticancer activity against cancer cell lines. The objective of the present study is to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate of rapeseed protein that inhibits proliferation on a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), but not healthy human fibroblast cells. The DRM was solubilized in an alkaline medium to obtain an alkaline rapeseed extract (RAE). Acid precipitation of the proteins contained in RAE recovered a rapeseed protein isolate (RPI). To produce protein hydrolysates, two alkaline protease and different enzyme/substrate ratios were used. All the protein hydrolysates showed antiproliferative activity on MCF-7 cells. However, only the hydrolysate recovered from the enzymatic hydrolysis of RPI (Degree of hydrolysis (DH ) between 8.5 and 9% (DH1)) did not affect human fibroblast cells, inhibiting 83.9% of MCF-7 cells’ proliferation and showing a mass yield of 22.9% (based on the initial DRM). The SDS-PAGE gel revealed that DH1 was composed mainly of 10 kDa peptides and, to a lesser extent, 5 and 2 kDa. It is concluded that DH1 is a promising peptide extract for future research as a putative anti-breast cancer agent.

Extraction, Isolation of Bioactive Compounds and Therapeutic Potential of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

“…The protein isolate was extracted from the alkaline extract of rapeseed. As a result, all obtained protein hydrolysates exhibited an antiproliferative effect on MCF-7 cells [128].…”

Exploring the potential applications of biopeptides from seaweeds, insects, and food wastes: mechanisms, utilisation, and industry implications

“…These seed proteins could be used to generate bioactive peptides in order to increase economic gains. For example, bioactive peptides generated from hemp seed proteins (hemp seed cake) and oilseeds of sesame, soya bean, sunflower, rape, and flax have demonstrated antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti‐hypocholesterolaemic, anticancer, anti‐inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities in numerous studies as detailed in Table S1 (Orio et al ., 2017; Logarušić et al ., 2019; Rodriguez‐Martin et al ., 2019, 2020; Samsamikor et al ., 2020; Chai et al ., 2021; Ferrero et al ., 2021; Samaei et al ., 2021; Wei et al ., 2021a, 2021b; Zhu et al ., 2021; Salma et al ., 2022). Biological activities are also reported on peptides produced from grapes, tomatoes, watermelon, peaches, jackfruit, amaranth, lemon, and orange seeds or pits (Ding et al ., 2018; Vásquez‐Villanueva et al ., 2019; Kheeree et al ., 2020; Mazloomi et al ., 2020; Wen et al ., 2020a, 2020b; Chai et al ., 2021; Deesrisak et al ., 2021; Idowu et al ., 2021; Lu et al ., 2021; Sánchez‐López et al ., 2021).…”

Technological interventions in improving the functionality of proteins during processing of meat analogs

“…There are some challenges in the utilization of plant proteins such as allergenicity to some peoples, off-flavor, presence of antinutrients (such as glucosinolates in rapeseeds) which can be ameliorated by proper selection and incorporation levels, implementing suitable extraction protocols (cold-pressed, microwave-assisted), use of a proper solvent such as ethanol, microbial fermentation, plant-breeding and other processing technologies (146)(147)(148)(149). The plant functionality could be improved by proper technological interventions.…”