Antiprotozoal activity of 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid isolated from the fruit extracts of<i>Flacourtia inermis</i>Roxb.

George, Shibumon; J, Benny P; Kuriakose, Sunny; George, Cincy; Gopalakrishnan, Sarala

doi:10.5958/j.0975-4261.3.3.038

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Ethanol extracts of N. arbor-tristis stem exhibit concentration-dependent antioxidant activity in numerous animals. These data suggest that different antioxidants occur in the leaves, stems, and flowers of N. arbortristis 28 .…”

Section: Fig: 3 In Vitro Dpph Assay Of N Arbor-tristismentioning

confidence: 79%

Evaluation of Phytochemicals, and Pharmacological Efficiency Studies of Nyctanthes Arbor-Tristis Linn

Kiruba,

Palanisamy,

Selvamaleeswaran

et al. 2023

Int J Life Sci Pharm Res

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Nyctanthes arbor-tristis is a member of the Oleaceae family with various therapeutic characteristics. Different plant components are used intraditional medicine to treat illnesses such as sciatica, chronic fever, and skin diseases. It is today regarded as a rich source of numerous uniquecompounds for creating medicines against various diseases and certain industrial products. In general, the leaves, roots, flowers, and seeds of Parijatare used to cure several ailments in various dose forms, including juice and powder. The current paper discusses the Plant Profile of N. arbor-tristisLinn., as well as the Phytochemical Screening of Extract of N. arbor-tristis Leaves, physicochemical parameters, and the Extraction Procedure andPharmacological Activities conducted on N. arbor-tristis Leaves. The study aims to analyze the antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory potentialof petroleum ether extract of N. arbor-tristis leaves. DPPH scavenging assays and in vitro anti‐inflammatory activity was evaluated using Albumindenaturation, Proteinase inhibitory assay and was subjected to GC-MS analysis to identify its active components. The antibacterial potential wasanalyzed using the agar well diffusion method against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Preliminary phytochemical screening confirmed thepresence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, triterpenoids, Amino acids, Carbohydrate, and the absence of alkaloids, Anthraquinone, Phenols,Saponin, and tannin. Remarkably, free radicals scavenging ability was observed in DPPH with the IC50 of 610.71±13.6μg/mL, and the anti-inflammatoryassay also observed Albumin denaturation with the IC50 of 781.93±13.6μg/mL and the proteinase inhibitory activity with the IC50 of 652.98±32.5μg/mL.In the antibacterial assay, the zone of inhibition was recorded as 20.6±1.6mm, 21.3±1.8mm, 21.3±1.8mm, and 17.9±1.5mm for the strains of Escherichiacoli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus spp. respectively. The highest inhibition zone was observed against E. coli(24.8±1.7 and 26.6±1.4mg/mL, respectively), and the least inhibitory was observed against L. acidophilus (19.5±1.1 and 21.7±1.7mg/mL) respectively.GC-MS profile exhibited the presence of 29 components highly accountable for its pharmaceutical activities. The results suggested the presence ofphytochemicals in Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Leaves possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in the petroleum ether extract. This informationcan be used as a starting point in the search for natural-based drugs that are effective at alleviating inflammatory symptoms and antioxidant aspects.Keywords: , , , , , ,

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Section: Fig: 3 In Vitro Dpph Assay Of N Arbor-tristismentioning

confidence: 79%

Evaluation of Phytochemicals, and Pharmacological Efficiency Studies of Nyctanthes Arbor-Tristis Linn

Kiruba,

Palanisamy,

Selvamaleeswaran

et al. 2023

Int J Life Sci Pharm Res

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“…Pyrocatechuic acid (compound 13) is a phenolic acid which was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Mangifera casturi bark (Pardede and Koketsu, 2016). Pyrocatechuic acid was also isolated from the fruit extract of Flacourtia inermis Roxb (George et al, 2011).…”

Section: Dereplicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory bioactive hits from Coriaria intermedia Matsum. stem and Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Merr. & Rolfe bark through bioassay-guided fractionation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Fabian,

Astorga,

Atis

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Women have been found to be at a higher risk of morbidity and mortality from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and asthma. α-Glucosidase inhibitors have been used to treat T2DM, and arachidonic acid 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) inhibitors have been suggested to be used as treatments for asthma and T2DM. Compounds that inhibit both enzymes may be studied as potential treatments for people with both T2DM and asthma. This study aimed to determine potential anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory bioactive hits from Coriaria intermedia Matsum. stem and Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Merr. & Rolfe bark. A bioassay-guided fractionation framework was used to generate bioactive fractions from C. intermedia stem and D. dao bark. Subsequently, dereplication through ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) and database searching was performed to putatively identify the components of one bioactive fraction from each plant. Seven compounds were putatively identified from the C. intermedia stem active fraction, and six of these compounds were putatively identified from this plant for the first time. Nine compounds were putatively identified from the D. dao bark active fraction, and seven of these compounds were putatively identified from this plant for the first time. One putative compound from the C. intermedia stem active fraction (corilagin) has been previously reported to have inhibitory activity against both α-glucosidase and 15-lipoxygenase-1. It is suggested that further studies on the potential of corilagin as an anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory treatment should be pursued based on its several beneficial pharmacological activities and its low reported toxicity.

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“…However, other bacterie, such as Enterococcus faecalis (23), Ralstonia solanacearum (31 µg/ml), Agrobacterium tumefaciens (31 µg/ml), and Erwinia carotovora (16 µg/ml) (22), were highly sensitive. Antibacterial activity was reported for 7 (46,48) and 3 (George et al 2011, MIC not determined). Further for 4 with MIC 8-64 μg/ml (40), 2.7 mg/ml (49), 1 and ˃1 mg/ml (50).…”

Section: Secondary Metabolitesallelopathic Abilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary metabolites and their impact on symbiotic interactions in the ambrosia fungusGeosmithia eupagioceri

Kolařík,

Stodůlková,

Kajzrová

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Ambrosia fungi colonize freshly dead trees, sequester nutrients, and serve as nutritional source for ambrosia beetles in exchange for dispersal. A key aspect of this symbiosis is the ability of fungi to colonize and dominate the wood around the beetle tunnels, forming a monospecific nutritional mycelium in the beetle gallery. Hypotheses for these dynamics include active beetle management, fungal inoculation priority, and the fungus’s chemical ecology facilitating resource capture and competition. The ecological role of allelochemicals produced by ambrosia fungi is unknown, although they may suppress microbes while being harmless to beetles, which has potential medical or food technology applications. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of secondary metabolites from the ambrosia fungusGeosmithia eupagioceri(Ascomycota: Hypocreales). Eight extracellular compounds were identifiedin vitro: 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPA), 4-HPA methyl ester, tyrosol, and thymine. Most compounds show cross-taxon activity, suppressing the growth of bacteria, fungi, a nematode, and a mite. We have shown that often overlooked chemically simple compounds may have activities leading to increased fitness of beetle hosts, including previously unconsidered activity against mites and nematodes. For the first time, we point out that these compounds also have the previously unconsidered potential to modulate the physiology of their producer (by inducing symbiotic morphology by quorum sensing mechanisms), the beetle host and associated microbes through synergism. Furthermore, we have shown that the ambrosia fungi have biotechnological potential in the search for growth suppressors of microorganisms and invertebrates, not toxic to humans.IMPORTANCEBark and ambrosia beetles and their microbial symbionts play crucial roles in forest ecosystems by aiding in the decomposition of dead trees, nutrient cycling, and habitat creation. However, they can cause extensive damage to both natural and planted forests by killing trees. Our study has led to a fundamental shift in the understanding of interactions between beetle symbiotic fungi and the environment, mediated by secondary metabolites. Newly, we show that these substances can not only be antimicrobial but also suppress the growth of mites, nematodes, but also can modulate the physiology of the producer fungus and potentially the host beetle and associated microbes. Our study, although conducted on a relatively artificial system with the need for validation on other lineages of ambrosia fungi, suggests entirely new research directions in the understanding of bark beetle holobiont and ambrosia beetles.

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Antiprotozoal activity of 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid isolated from the fruit extracts ofFlacourtia inermisRoxb.

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Phytochemicals, and Pharmacological Efficiency Studies of Nyctanthes Arbor-Tristis Linn

Evaluation of Phytochemicals, and Pharmacological Efficiency Studies of Nyctanthes Arbor-Tristis Linn

Anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory bioactive hits from Coriaria intermedia Matsum. stem and Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Merr. & Rolfe bark through bioassay-guided fractionation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Secondary metabolites and their impact on symbiotic interactions in the ambrosia fungusGeosmithia eupagioceri

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