Antipsychotic and Anxiolytic Properties of Risperidone, Haloperidol, and Methotrimeprazine in Schizophrenic Patients

Abstract

The subjects were 62 patients hospitalized for acute exacerbations of schizophrenia and were randomly assigned to receive risperidone (mean dose, 7.4 mg/day), haloperidol (7.6 mg/day), or methotrimeprazine (100 mg/day) for 4 weeks. Clinical improvement, defined a priori as a 20% reduction in total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores at end point, was attained by 81% of the risperidone patients, 60% of the haloperidol patients, and 52% of the methotrimeprazine patients (p < 0.05). The reductions in total PANSS and Clinical Global Impression Scale severity scores from baseline to end point were significantly greater in the risperidone patients than in the other two groups. Reductions in scores on the Psychotic Anxiety Scale were significantly greater in the risperidone patients than the methotrimeprazine patients; the difference between haloperidol and methotrimeprazine was not significant. Extrapyramidal symptoms (scores on the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale) were more severe in the haloperidol patients than in the other two groups, but few differences were apparent between risperidone and methotrimeprazine patients. It is concluded that risperidone is an effective antipsychotic and anxiolytic agent in schizophrenic patients.

A systematic review of atypical antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia

“…In the original review, 23 studies were identified for inclusion: Blin 1996, 251 Borison 1991, 252 Bouchard 1998, 253 Ceskova 1993, 254 Chouinard 1993, 255 Claus 1991, 256 Emsley 1995, 257 Hoyberg 1993, 258 Huttunen 1995, 259 Mahmoud 1998, 260 Marder 1994, 116 Mesotten 1991, 261 Min 1993, 262 Peuskens 1995, 263 Fleurot 1997, 62 Bondolfi 1998, 110 Anand 1998, 111 Breier 1999, 112 Wahlbeck 2000, 113 Tran 1997, 171 Klieser 1996, 264 Jones 1998, 193 Gureje 1998. 186 Data extraction sheets for these studies are presented in appendix 3.…”

The Latent Inhibition Model Dissociates between Clozapine, Haloperidol, and Ritanserin

“…While atypical APDs are characterized by a broad receptor profile, their mixed DA2-5HT2 receptor antagonism has been the feature most often suggested to account for their greater antipsychotic efficacy in general, and their efficacy in improving negative symptoms in particular (Arnt and Skarsfeldt 1998;Blin et al 1996;Fiorella et al 1995;Leysen et al 1993;Meltzer 1989;Meltzer and Nash 1991;Nordstrom et al 1993;Schotte et al 1996;Seeger et al 1995). The serotonergic component of atypicality is particularly relevant to LI, because LI is disrupted by brain serotonin depletion (Asin et al 1980;Cassaday et al 1993b;Lorden et al 1983;Solomon et al 1978Solomon et al , 1980, as well as by systemic administration of the 5-HT2 antagonist ritanserin (Cassaday et al 1993a).…”

Efficacy and safety of atypical antipsychotic drugs (quetiapine, risperidone, aripiprazole and paliperidone) compared with placebo or typical antipsychotic drugs for treating refractory schizophrenia: overview of systematic reviews

“…Over the short term, risperidone was more effective in reducing positive and negative symptoms, according to PANSS, compared with haloperidol (n = 2368; nine RCTs; RR 0.72; CI, 20% did not improve, 0.59 to 0.88; NNT 8) (Figure 19). [87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97] The favorable outcome for risperidone was also sustained in longterm studies (n = 859, 2RCTs RR, 20% did not improve, 0.51 CI; 0.38 to 0.67; NNT 4; n = 675; one RCT; RR, not improved 40%, 0.75; CI 0.66 to 0.84; NNT 5; n = 675, one RCT; RR, 60% not improved, 0.90; CI 0.84 to 0.96; NNT 11). A follow-up on the patients performed one year after administering risperidone also found a lower recurrence rate, compared with haloperidol use (n = 367; one RCT; RR 0.64; CI 0.41 to 0.99; NNT 7).…”