Antipsychotic-Induced Hyperprolactinemia and Testosterone Levels in Boys

Abstract

Aims: This cross-sectional study investigatesthe effect of antipsychotic (AP)-induced hyperprolactinemia on testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), inhibin B, and puberty in boys with mainly autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Method: One hundred and four physically healthy 10- to 19-year-old boys with ASD or disruptive behavior disorder (DBD) were recruited between October 2006 and November 2009. Fifty-six adolescents had been treated with AP for >16 months; 48 had never been exposed to AP. Morning non-fasting levels of serum prolactin, testosterone, LH, FSH and inhibin B were obtained and Tanner pubertal stage was determined. Patients with hyperprolactinemia (n = 28) were compared to those without hyperprolactinemia (n = 76) using non-parametric or parametric tests, as appropriate. Results: Patients with AP-induced hyperprolactinemia had significantly lower testosterone levels with adjustment for age (p = 0.035) compared to patients without hyperprolactinemia and without AP treatment. The difference was not significant within the AP-treated group, and the level of testosterone was within the reference range compared to age- and gender-matched normative data. There was no between-group difference for LH, FSH, inhibin B or Tanner stages. Conclusion: AP-induced hyperprolactinemia is related to significantly lower testosterone levels in pubertal boys with ASD and DBD.

Relationships among androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism, sex hormones and penile length in Han adult men from China: a cross-sectional study

“…Similar results have reported that long-term hyperprolactinemia could cause the suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal axis and a decrease in the levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, LH and T in males 42. Recently, Roke et al 43. reported that boys with antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia had obviously lower T levels than male adolescents with normal PRL levels.…”

Bone mineral density in male adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and disruptive behavior disorder with or without antipsychotic treatment

“…This suggests that hyperprolactinemia may inhibit bone turnover, possibly by a direct negative effect on osteoblasts, or by a secondary effect through hyperprolactinemia-induced hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. We have reported before that the boys with hyperprolactinemia had significantly lower testosterone levels (52), which may have resulted in a decrease in bone turnover. Further research in this area is needed as bone turnover markers reflect the dynamic aspect of bone metabolism, and longitudinal data are needed to investigate the changes over time.…”

The effect of the Taq1A variant in the dopamine D2 receptor gene and common CYP2D6 alleles on prolactin levels in risperidone-treated boys

“…All participants were recruited from the total patient population of the outpatient adolescent clinic of the GGz Central Psychiatric Centre, the Netherlands, from October 2006 to November 2009 [12,27]. All participants had a diagnosis of ASD or DBD.…”