Antipsychotic medication for those with both schizophrenia and learning disability

Duggan, Lorna; Brylewski, Jane

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd000030

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In contemporary psychiatry, antipsychotic medication has been recognized as the primary focus of treatment for people experiencing a mental illness (Duggan & Brylewski 2004;Sin & Gamble 2003). Despite faith in the efficacy of this treatment, the medical profession has expressed concern that a significant proportion of mental health consumers do not adhere to their medication regime as prescribed (Gray et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wanting to be heard: mental health consumers’ experiences of information about medication

Happell¹,

Manias

Roper³

2004

Int J Mental Health Nurs

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The complexities accompanying the prescription of antipsychotic medication for people experiencing a mental illness have been extensively documented in the literature. The views and experiences of consumers of mental health services, however, are almost entirely absent. This paper describes the findings of a qualitative study undertaken to examine the experiences of consumers, specifically in relation to education and decision making with regards to medication. The findings from a focus group conducted with consumers (n = 9) revealed an overall dissatisfaction with information provided and the opportunity to participate in decision making. Data analysis revealed four major themes: information to consumers; acknowledgement and recognition of consumers; roles of health professionals; and the experience of wellness and adherence. The findings suggest the need for significant change if the goals of the Third National Mental Health Plan are to be realized.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wanting to be heard: mental health consumers’ experiences of information about medication

Happell¹,

Manias

Roper³

2004

Int J Mental Health Nurs

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“…Instead psychotropic medication may be prescribed to control behaviour considered ‘challenging’, contrary to guidelines (Rush & Frances 2000), and despite very limited evidence for their utility (Brylewski & Duggan 2004; Didden et al. 1997; Duggan & Brylewski 2004). For example, Clarke et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of psychotropic medication with adults with learning disabilities: survey findings and implications for services

Chapman¹,

Gledhill²,

Jones³

et al. 2005

Brit J Learn Disabil

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This paper describes the findings of a survey into prescribing of psychotropic medication with adults with learning disabilities in a British city. A self-completion questionnaire was sent to staff in dispersed housing and community learning disability teams to gather information about the number of people prescribed psychoactive medication, the type of medication prescribed, General Practitioner and Consultant Psychiatrist visits. The survey identified 55 people who were prescribed psychotropic medication. Of these, 89% were prescribed antipsychotic medication, whilst 47% were prescribed antidepressants. Forty-four per cent were prescribed more than one category of psychotropic medication, whilst 22% were prescribed more than one antipsychotic medication. Worryingly, a clear diagnosis was not provided in a large proportion of cases. The survey has informed a number of service developments, which are briefly described.

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“…One is that there is a group of children, typically called multidimensionally impaired or multiplex developmentally disordered (Kumra et al 1998), that is characterized by several features of schizophrenia (e.g., psychotic symptoms, cognitive deficits, elevated rated of schizophrenia in first-degree relatives) and by features characteristic of pervasive developmental disorders such as autism (e.g., impaired social skills, linguistic impairment, cognitive decline). There is also evidence for elevated rates of psychosis and disorganization in people with autism spectrum disorders (Dykens et al 1991;Konstantareas & Hewitt 2001) and in those with milder developmental disorders such as dyslexia (Duggan & Brylewski 2002;Sanderson et al 1999), along with evidence of failures in contour integration and mismatch negativity in the latter group (Demonet & Habib 2001;Simmers & Bex 2001). Autistic-like problems may also antedate the "onset" of schizophrenia in many cases (Asarnow et al 1988), and cases of DSM-IV-defined schizophrenia can occur in childhood.…”

Section: R31 Impairments Of Cognitive Coordination In Autistic Specmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chaotic itinerancy is a key to mental diversity

Tsuda

2004

Behav Brain Sci

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Abstract:The relevance of chaotic itinerancy and other types of exotic dynamical behavior described by Tsuda (2001) certainly goes beyond the scope of his target article. These concepts of dynamics may offer a general framework for the understanding of complexity, which could help to restructure the analysis and conceptualization of mental states in novel ways, providing insights for the philosophy of mind.Most philosophical treatments of the classical concepts of cognition (such as volition, consciousness, intentionality, mental content, rationality) seem to be trapped in an unsafe argument that, by and large, goes like this: There are two opposing alternatives, naturalism and anti-naturalism, both with unwanted consequences. It is generally accepted that to be a naturalist is to be a physicalist and/or functionalist and to believe in the computational mind and/or physical (computational) brain. To be a antinaturalist is (as Dennett [1995] so aptly puts it in a somewhat different context) to play tennis with the net down. If one is a anti-naturalist, then one is free from the restrictions of science, and it is easy to justify any concept, from intrinsic intentionality to wonder tissue to qualia, without having to worry how these fit into a description of the universe as a whole. There are other points of view existing somewhere between these two extremes, such as double-aspect theories, where the physical and mental aspects of material are considered distinct, but the manner in which they are distinguished is not addressed. However, this again internalizes the naturalist/anti-naturalist dichotomy. So where do we stand? Currently, few people are completely comfortable with naturalism-cum-physicalism in a strict form; functionalism is on the defense; accepting the small wonders offered by anti-naturalism is not the approach of choice. Are there other options? Maybe there are.The above argument goes too fast. Several hidden assumptions underlie it, which together implicitly ensure a harmony of naturalism and reductionism (or eliminativism), or a unity of naturalism and computationalism. At least two of the assumptions are easy to identify. The first is that the mind is confined to a single level of phenomena (therefore, all mental events can be treated within a single explanatory scheme). The second is that mental states are homogeneous (therefore, they are all similar, constituting a natural kind).One kind of thing makes up the mind, and one functional theory explains how it works: cognitive science has traditionally held this. However, Ryle (1949), perhaps Haugeland (1995, and more recently van Gelder (1998) laid the groundwork for a fundamental challenge to the concept of a homogeneous mind. Their concern is with the difference between mind and cognition, but their idea that the mind is somehow not one thing is far more general. Van Gelder made a significant move when he combined this philosophical idea of ontological heterogeneity with low-level functional models to form what is known as the "dynamical hypot...

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Antipsychotic medication for those with both schizophrenia and learning disability

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Wanting to be heard: mental health consumers’ experiences of information about medication

Wanting to be heard: mental health consumers’ experiences of information about medication

The use of psychotropic medication with adults with learning disabilities: survey findings and implications for services

Chaotic itinerancy is a key to mental diversity

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