Antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia

Parker, Caroline

doi:10.1002/pnp.116

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Strategies for the treatment of schizophrenia differ with its stage and severity. Despite the various psychological and educational therapies and family support, pharmacological treatment is essential for effective control of psychosis (Parker, 2013;Miyamoto, Duncan, Marx, & Lieberman, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>New drugs for the treatment of agitation in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of inhaled loxapine and infused sodium nitroprusside

Tonin¹,

Piazza²,

Borba³

et al. 2017

Acta Sci. Health Sci.

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ABSTRACT. The use of novel drugs such as inhaled loxapine (LOXi) for schizophrenia and the off-label use of substances such as sodium nitroprusside (NIT) for the management of mental disorders require further investigation. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LOXi and NIT for the treatment of agitation associated with schizophrenia. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the use of LOXi or NIT versus placebo or other antipsychotic agents was conducted, and we evaluated the efficacy (CGI-scale) and safety (adverse events) of the therapies. Altogether, 71 studies were identified, of which 2 (LOXi) were included in the meta-analysis, and 1 (NIT) was included in the systematic review only. The efficacy data showed superiority of LOXi against placebo, regardless of the dose (5 and 10 mg). No significant differences were observed concerning the safety results. Treatment with NIT showed favorable results, with significant reduction of the symptoms. The efficacy of these medications is difficult to assess because of the lack of RCTs. However, there is some information regarding the efficacy and safety of LOXi in the treatment of agitation in schizophrenic patients.Keywords: antipsychotic agents, mental disorders, evidence-based medicine.Novos fármacos para o tratamento da agitação na esquizofrenia: revisão sistemática e meta-análise da loxapina inalável e nitroprussiato de sódio RESUMO. Fármacos mais recentes como a loxapina inalável (LOXi) para o tratamento da esquizofrenia e o uso off-label de substâncias como o nitroprussiato de sódio (NIT) para o manejo de desordens mentais requerem mais investigações. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar eficácia e segurança da LOXi e do NIT para tratamento da agitação na esquizofrenia. Foi realizada revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos randomizados (ECR) comparando o uso de LOXi ou NIT versus placebo ou outros antipsicóticos. Foram avaliados desfechos de eficácia (escala CGI-I) e segurança (eventos adversos). Ao todo 71 estudos foram identificados, dos quais dois foram incluídos nas meta-análises (ambos da LOXi) e 1 sobre NIT foi incluído somente na revisão sistemática. Os dados de eficácia demonstraram superioridade da LOXi frente ao placebo, independente das doses avaliadas (5 ou 10 mg). Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os resultados de segurança com o controle. O único estudo incluído sobre o NIT mostrou resultados favoráveis, com redução significativa dos sintomas. Apesar da carência de ECR com esses fármacos dificultar a determinação e a reunião de informações, há potenciais evidências de eficácia e segurança da LOXi no tratamento da agitação em pacientes com esquizofrenia.Palavras-chave: antipsicóticos, transtornos mentais, medicina baseada em evidências.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>New drugs for the treatment of agitation in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of inhaled loxapine and infused sodium nitroprusside

Tonin¹,

Piazza²,

Borba³

et al. 2017

Acta Sci. Health Sci.

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“…Although the function of both the first‐generation antipsychotics (FGA) and the second‐generation antipsychotics (SGA) involves balancing the ratio of activity of dopamine D2/serotonin 5‐HT (2A) receptors and glutamate, SGA have gradually replaced FGA in clinical practice due to their superior outcomes in relieving psychotic symptoms and in eliciting fewer side effects as they emerged (Correll & Schenk, ; Leucht et al, ; Parker, ). However, some research showed that chronic use of many SGA was still associated with onset of TD (Bonham & Abbott, ; Divac, Prostran, Jakovcevski, & Cerovac, ; Rummel‐Kluge et al, ; Rummel‐Kluge et al, ; Woods et al, ), and therefore, uninterrupted use of these medications by schizophrenic patients remains questionable (Correll & Schenk, ; Remington, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered serum levels of glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor in male chronic schizophrenia patients with tardive dyskinesia

Zhan

Xiao

et al. 2018

Int J Methods Psych Res

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“…An extensive review of antipsychotics was the subject of a previous article in this series. 25 Buspirone is probably a 5-HT 1A partial agonist and is licensed for short-term use in anxiety. It is not a benzodiazepine so does not treat or prevent benzodiazepine withdrawal problems.…”

Section: Pregabalinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pharmacological management of anxiety disorders

Bleakley¹,

Davies²

2014

Prog. Neurol. Psychiatry

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Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry is running a series of updated articles on the major psychiatric drug groups, produced in association with the College of Mental Health Pharmacy (http://www.cmhp.org.uk). In this article, Stephen Bleakley and Simon Davies provide an overview of the main types of anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder and post‐traumatic stress disorder. The article focuses on the drug treatment options and supporting evidence base.

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Antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

<b>New drugs for the treatment of agitation in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of inhaled loxapine and infused sodium nitroprusside

<b>New drugs for the treatment of agitation in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of inhaled loxapine and infused sodium nitroprusside

Altered serum levels of glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor in male chronic schizophrenia patients with tardive dyskinesia

The pharmacological management of anxiety disorders

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