Antiretroviral resistance during successful therapy of HIV type 1 infection

Abstract

HIV type 1 (HIV-1) drug resistance mutations were selected during antiretroviral therapy successfully suppressing plasma HIV-1 RNA to <50 copies͞ml. New resistant mutant subpopulations were identified by clonal sequencing analyses of viruses cultured from blood cells. Drug susceptibility tests showed that biological clones of virus with the mutations acquired during successful therapy had increased resistance. Each of the five subjects with new resistant mutants had evidence of some residual virus replication during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), based on transient episodes of plasma HIV-1 RNA > 50 copies͞ml and virus env gene sequence changes. Each had received a suboptimal regimen before starting HAART. Antiretroviral-resistant HIV-1 can be selected from residual virus replication during HAART in the absence of sustained rebound of plasma HIV-1 RNA.

Genetically modified immunocompetent cells in HIV infection

“…Further studies are therefore needed to elucidate the benefit of early HAART on immune function and disease progression. This conflicting biological evidence notwithstanding, side-effects of HAART, such as toxicity 9 and emergence of resistant strains 10,11 may render an early adopted, life-long treatment quite unacceptable to patients. For these reasons international guidance for clinicians include recommendations to postpone antiretroviral chemotherapy until immunological or virological signs of progressing HIV infection appear.…”

Bericht von der 13. Internationalen AIDS-Konferenz, Durban, Südafrika, Juli 2000 Teil 2 – Prävention ist die HIV-Vakzine der Gegenwart

“…Diese Arbeit hat den Aufbau der Kapazitäten der Gruppen und Organisationen zum Ziel, um ihr eigenes Wissen zu schaffen und dadurch ihre Verhält-nisse zu verbessern. [22]). …”

Polymeric Anti‐HIV Therapeutics

“…[4] In addition, an increasing emergence of HIV strains that are resistant to the current approved drug treatments hampers the effective application of approved anti-HIV drugs. [5] These two main issues make it inevitable that new anti-HIV agents are required.…”