Antisecretory Action of the Extract of the Aerial Parts ofEremomastax speciosa (Acanthaceae)Occurs through Antihistaminic and Anticholinergic Pathways

Abstract

Objective. The objective of this study was to find out the possible antiulcer mechanism of action of Eremomastax speciosa. Method. Carbachol- and histamine-induced hypersecretion, associated with the pylorus ligation technique, were used in rats. Gastric mucosal ulceration, mucus production, pH, gastric volume, and acidity were measured. Results. Histamine and carbachol raised gastric acidity to 86.50 and 84.80 mEq/L, respectively, in the control rats, and the extracts (200 mg/kg) reduced gastric acidity to 34.60 and 39.00 mEq/L, respectively. Intraduodenal aqueous extract (400 mg/kg) in histamine- and carbachol-treated rats produced significant (P < 0.001) decreases in acid secretion to 28.50 and 28.80 mEq/L, respectively, and 100 percent inhibition of gastric ulceration. Augmented histamine-induced gastric acid secretion (90.20 mEq/L) was significantly reduced to 52.60 and 27.50 mEq/L by the 200 and 400 mg/kg doses of the aqueous extract, respectively. The extract significantly reduced (P < 0.001) the volume of gastric secretion and significantly increased mucus production. The ulcer inhibition potential of the extract significantly dropped to 25–44% (oral extract) and to 29–37% (duodenal extract) in carbachol/indomethacin-treated rats. Conclusion. The aqueous extract of E. speciosa has both cytoprotective and antisecretory effects. The antisecretory effect may involve a mechanism common to both cholinergic and histaminergic pathways.

Activity of Methanol/Methylene Extract Mixtures from Monodora myristica (Gaertn), Xylopia aethiopica and Eremomastax speciosa (Hochst.) Against Candida albicans

“…These differences could be due to the differences in the chemical composition of extracts since secondary metabolites of plants have many effects including antifungal and antibacterial 4,14 . The phytochemical analysis of E. speciosa and X. aethiopica extract was in accordance with previous results 25,26 . The phytochemical composition of M. myristica was in accordance with previous works 8,27 , but slight differences were observed with results reported by Ekeanyanwu 28 .…”

Effects of the Aqueous Extract ofEremomastax speciosa(Acanthaceae) on Sexual Behavior in Normal Male Rats

“…The plant is a robust, polymorphous shrub growing to a height of 2 m. The stem is quadrangular, and the leaves are purple on the underside. Several constituents already have been approved, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenoids, and sterol [ 10 ]. E. speciosa is cited for its various beneficial effects, which include stomach complaints, dysentery, hemorrhoids, urinary tract infection, painful menstruation, diarrhea, and male and female infertility [ 11 – 18 ] and is commonly referred to as “blood plant” since it is also widely used to treat cases of anemia.…”

Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Nociceptive Properties of Hydro-Methanol Extract of Eremomastax Speciosa (Hochst.) Cufod Leaf

“…It is cultivated in Cameroon and Akwa-Ibom in Nigeria due to its medicinal values (Oben et al, 2006). It is a polymorphous herb that grows up to 2 m high with remarkable quadrangular stem (Amang et al, 2014). The leaf (decoction or infusion or maceration) is used by the natives in the treatment of dysentery, anaemia, menstrual pain, fracture, hemorrhoids and urinary tract infection (Iba et al, 2015;Oben et al, 2006;Kuete et al, 2013).…”

“…The leaf (decoction or infusion or maceration) is used by the natives in the treatment of dysentery, anaemia, menstrual pain, fracture, hemorrhoids and urinary tract infection (Iba et al, 2015;Oben et al, 2006;Kuete et al, 2013). The aerial part of the plant has been reported in scientific literature to possess antianaemic, antiulcer, antisecretory, antimicrobial, antifungal and antidiarrheal activities (Amang et al, 2014;Iba et al, 2015;Oben et al, 2006;Okokon et al, 2007;Mouokeu et al, 2015;Tan et al, 1996). There was dearth of information on the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of E. speciosa, despite its use for this purpose in traditional medicine of various cultures.…”