Antiserum inhibition of propagating viruses

Lee, Yih; Eisner, Symma D.; Yin, John

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19970805)55:3<542::aid-bit11>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Investigating these traits is of fundamental importance for understanding viral replication pathways and for improving the potency of treatments and viral vaccines (Lee et al, 1997), and studying viral fitness (Goldhill and Turner, 2014). Structural virology has been instrumental in providing a detailed morphological description and classification of viruses and their receptors required for studies of traits influencing virus-host interaction dynamics (Gallet et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gaining insight into the dynamics of viral gene delivery into a host cell during infection is critical for understanding the virus replication dynamics (Ellis and Delbrück, 1939; You and Yin, 1999; Gallet et al, 2011; Lee et al, 1997) and viral fitness (Burch and Chao, 2000; Abedon and Culler, 2007). A central method for studying virus replication dynamics is the ‘one-step growth cycle’ method, which was developed for an ex vivo model of phage growth in E. coli by Ellis and Delbruck (Ellis and Delbrück, 1939).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is achieved by incubating bacterial culture with phage, diluting the solution after phage has adsorbed to cells so that no more adsorption occurs, and then measuring virus growth at different time intervals using a plaque assay. Modified versions of the one-step and multi-step replication assays remain central today for monitoring the growth and evolution of viruses as they mutate to evade antiviral drugs, the immune system or environmental factors inhibiting viral spread (Lee et al, 1997; Coffin, 1995; Perelson et al, 1996; Nowak, 1992). The one-step growth cycle method builds on an assumption that initiation of infection through phage DNA injection into cells occurs rapidly and simultaneously after phage adsorbs to cells (Ellis and Delbrück, 1939).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The mobility of packaged phage genome controls ejection dynamics

Evilevitch

2018

eLife

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The cell decision between lytic and lysogenic infection is strongly influenced by dynamics of DNA injection into a cell from a phage population, as phages compete for limited resources and progeny. However, what controls the timing of viral DNA ejection events was not understood. This in vitro study reveals that DNA ejection dynamics for phages can be synchronized (occurring within seconds) or desynchronized (displaying minutes-long delays in initiation) based on mobility of encapsidated DNA, which in turn is regulated by environmental factors, such as temperature and extra-cellular ionic conditions. This mechano-regulation of ejection dynamics is suggested to influence viral replication where the cell’s decision between lytic and latent infection is associated with synchronized or desynchronized delayed ejection events from phage population adsorbed to a cell. Our findings are of significant importance for understanding regulatory mechanisms of latency in phage and Herpesviruses, where encapsidated DNA undergoes a similar mechanical transition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The mobility of packaged phage genome controls ejection dynamics

Evilevitch

2018

eLife

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“…Of particular relevance to understanding host-phage ecology within the rhizosphere therefore is determination of the degree to which phage growth in soil systems approximates the better understood solid-phase phage growth in laboratory media. Though within agar plaque-development theory as well as techniques for plaque-growth quantification have been fairly well developed (34,40,44,84,85,86), to our knowledge similarly finescale investigation has not been attempted within a soil-based medium. Fig.…”

Section: The Phage Rhizospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophage Ecology and Plants.

Gill¹,

Abedon²

2003

APSnet Features

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Introduction Plant biology cannot be fully appreciated absent microbial flora, and plant-associated bacteria are incompletely understood without an awareness of phage-the viruses of prokaryotes. Phage have been found in association with "buds, leaves, root nodules (leguminous plants), roots, rotting fruit, seeds, stems and straw; crown gall tumors… healthy or diseased alfalfa, barley, beans, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, buckwheat, clover, cotton, cucumber, lucerne, mulberry, oats peas, peach trees, radish, rutabaga, ryegrass, rye, timothy, tobacco, tomatoes, [and] wheat" (4). In this overview we consider the myriad ways that phage can impact ecologically on plant-associated bacteria.

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Spatial patterns of protein expression in focal infections of human cytomegalovirus

Lam

Compton

Yin

2006

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a medically significant human pathogen that infects a wide range of cell and tissue types. During infection, HCMV activates a variety of signal transduction pathways that induce profound changes in cellular processes and dramatically affect cellular gene expression patterns. To better define how these virus-host interactions affect the local microenvironment and influence the spatial and temporal spread of HCMV, we initiated HCMV focal infections on normal human dermal fibroblast monolayers and monitored viral gene expression patterns and infection spread over 45 days. To establish baseline temporal measurements of HCMV infection and spread in cell monolayers, we characterized the influence of three experimental variables on viral gene expression: cell plating density, the presence of serum, and neutralization of cellular antiviral responses with an antibody against interferon-beta. We found that high cell plating density or the inclusion of serum correlated with enhanced HCMV infection spread. Dramatic differences in the expression pattern of the viral immediate early 2 (IE2) gene were observed under these conditions as compared to low plating density or the absence of serum. In the latter case round, uniform foci were observed with a clear wave of IE2 expression visible in advance of a late stage viral protein, envelope glycoprotein B. By contrast, larger irregular foci with arms of IE2 expression were observed in the presence of serum. Addition of the antibody had little effect on the rate of spread, which is consistent with the knowledge that HCMV represses antiviral responses during infection. This experimental system provides a useful means to visualize and quantify complex virus-host interactions.

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Antiserum inhibition of propagating viruses

Cited by 5 publications

References 43 publications

The mobility of packaged phage genome controls ejection dynamics

The mobility of packaged phage genome controls ejection dynamics

Bacteriophage Ecology and Plants.

Spatial patterns of protein expression in focal infections of human cytomegalovirus

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