Antispasmodic activity of <i>Symplocos paniculata</i> is mediated through opening of ATP-dependent K+ channel

Abstract

&lt;p class="Abstract"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Symplocos paniculata&lt;/em&gt; is a medicinal plant used by native healers to manage gastrointestinal ailments. The crude methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;S. paniculata&lt;/em&gt; was screened pharmacologically both in vitro and in vivo for the validation of its therapeutic potential. It suppressed the spontaneous activity of isolated rabbit jejunum preparations and also caused inhibition of the low K&lt;sup&gt;+ &lt;/sup&gt;(20 mM)- induced spastic contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations in a manner comparable to cromakalim. The relaxant effect was found to be blocked following glibenclamide exposure of the isolated tissue preparations similar to cromakalim, suggesting that observed response was likely to be mediated through opening of ATP dependent K&lt;sup&gt;+ &lt;/sup&gt;channels. Following oral administration to mice provided protection against castor oil-induced diarrhea in a manner similar to loperamide. The plant material was found safe in toxicity study up to oral dose of 8 g/kg in mice. Hence, present study provides a scientific basis for the vernacular use of &lt;em&gt;S. paniculata&lt;/em&gt; in gastro-intestinal system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

The Potential Involvement of an ATP-Dependent Potassium Channel-Opening Mechanism in the Smooth Muscle Relaxant Properties of Tamarix dioica Roxb.

“…An agent that completely reduces the contractions provoked by K + (25 mmol/L) only is denoted as a potassium channel activator, whereas agents that relax both K + (25 mmol/L) and K + (80 mmol/L) are referred to as calcium channel blockers. This test discriminates conclusively between calcium channel blockers and potassium channel activators [26]. Pretreatment of tissue with glibenclamide (K ATP channel antagonist) reduces the concentration‒response curve of TdCr against K + (25 mmol/L), which shows the contribution of the K + ATP channel opener activity.…”

Dose-dependent Spasmolytic, Bronchodilator, and Hypotensive Activities of Panicum miliaceum L.

“…Spasmolytic effect of plant extract may be due to blocking of Ca ++ channels or opening of K + channels. 21 The relaxation effect of plant extract on contractions triggered by Low K + is usually considered due to possible involvement of K + -channel opening mechanism. 22 …”

“…Spasmolytic effect of plant extract may be due to blocking of Ca ++ channels or opening of K + channels. 21 The relaxation effect of plant extract on contractions triggered by Low K + is usually considered due to possible involvement of K + -channel opening mechanism. 22 To determine its K + channel activation, low-K + triggered contraction pretreated with glibenclamide was evaluated with extract doses which inhibited its relaxing effect having similar pattern as cromakalim confirmed its K + -ATP potassium channel opening mechanism.…”

Methodological and Physiological Study during Seed Dormancy Release of Symplocos paniculata

“…The plant Symplocos paniculata is widely recognized for its extensive traditional usage across various regions in Asia, notably China, India, and South Asia [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. The role of this species in various ecosystems is crucial, as it serves as a vital source of sustenance and habitat for both humans and wild life [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Significantly, the fruit of S. paniculata exhibits a high oil content (~35% crude fat in dried fruit), predominantly composed of unsaturated fatty acids, rendering it suitable for utilization as an edible vegetable oil in certain mountainous regions of China [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”