Antitumor and antibacterial activity of a crude methanol leaf extract of Vitex negundo L.

Abstract

In this study we evaluated a methanol leaf extract of Vitex negundo L. (Verbenaceae) for antitumor and antibacterial activities using the potato disc bioassay and the agar disc diffusion method, respectively. Taking ≤20% tumor inhibition as significant, we found significant crown gall inhibition (24-48.39%) with 1 and 10 mg/ml extracts while 0.1 mg/ml of the extract was ineffective (14.67% to 18.28%). Maximal tumor inhibition was observed with 10 mg/ml extract against Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AtSl0105 (48.39%), followed by AtTa0112 (45.9%) and AtAc0114 (44%). The methanol leaf extract showed growth inhibitory potency against all of the studied bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi). The minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 0.312 mg/ml to 1.25 mg/ml. The least MIC value was recorded against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The presented findings indicate that the methanol leaf extract could be considered as a source of novel antitumor and antibacterial compounds

In vitro antimicrobial activity and preliminary phytochemical screening of some plant extracts

“…Lolge et al, (2016) [37] , in three C. auriculata, A. mexicana, S. trifoliatus plant extracts in four different solvents; acetone, methanol, ethanol and chloroform showed their antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Islam et al, (2013) [38] , studied; Leaf extract of V. negundo in methanol at 10 mg/ml exhibited a variable growth inhibition capacity against all bacterial species viz., Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. Devkota and Das (2015) [39] , showed the methanolic extract of X. strumarium shows zone of inhibition with K. pneumoniae, E. faecalis, B. subtilis, P .mirabilis, S. aureus but it was ineffective against E. coli.…”

Selection of a Suitable Disc Bioassay for the Screening of Anti-Tumor Molecules

“…Phytopathogenicity tests were done using beet, radish, carrot (1,(17)(18) and potato (19) disc bioassays. The strain C58 of A. tumefaciens was used for the tumor induction.…”

“…etc.). Bioassay is the preliminary step in drug discovery which allow the screening of biological and synthetic bioactive compounds (1). Potato disc assay was shown to be useful for checking known and novel antitumor molecules' properties.…”

“…This method is used during the last 15 years and it appears to be adaptable to the purpose of standardization ORIGINAL ARTICLE or quality control of bioactive compounds (6). It has been shown that the inhibition ability of crown gall formation by A. tumefaciens on potato discs and subsequent growth was in good correlation with compounds and extracts, which are statistically much more predictive of in vivo and in vitro anti-leukemic activity (1,(7)(8)(9). Several studies have demonstrated that Podophyllin, Taxol, Camptothecin, Vincristine and Vinblastine have shown significant tumor inhibition in the 3PS leukemic mouse assay.…”

Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Properties of <i>Vitex nigundo</i> L. Leaves

“…The leaves possess antimicrobial activities [8], hepatoprotective potentials [9], antioxidant activity [10]. This plant also has anticancer and antitumor [11][12][13] properties. A limited research work of Vitex negundo plant extract on the complications of diabetes were studied [14].…”