Antitumoral and Immunogenic Capacity of β-D-Glucose—Reduced Silver Nanoparticles in Breast Cancer

Abstract

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a type of cell death capable of stimulating immunity against cancer through danger signals that lead to an adaptive immune response. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been shown to have a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells; however, their mechanism of action is not fully understood. The present study synthesized, characterized, and evaluated the cytotoxic effect of beta-D-glucose-reduced AgNPs (AgNPs-G) against breast cancer (BC) cells in vitro; and assess the immunogenicity of cell death in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that AgNPs-G induce cell death in a dose-dependent manner on BC cell lines. In addition, AgNPs show antiproliferative effects by interfering with the cell cycle. Regarding the detection of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), it was found that treatment with AgNPs-G induces calreticulin exposure and the release of HSP70, HSP90, HMGB1, and ATP. In vivo, prophylactic vaccination did not prevent tumor establishment; however, tumor weight was significantly lower in AgNPs-G vaccinated mice, while the survival rate increased. In conclusion, we have developed a new method for the synthesis of AgNPs-G, with in vitro antitumor cytotoxic activity on BC cells, accompanied by the release of DAMPs. In vivo, immunization with AgNPs-G failed to induce a complete immune response in mice. Consequently, additional studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism of cell death that leads to the design of strategies and combinations with clinical efficacy.

Engineering nanomedicines for immunogenic eradication of cancer cells: Recent trends and synergistic approaches

“…Silver NPs reduced using β - d -glucose were shown to interfere with cell cycle of MCF7 breast cancer cells leading to their death associated with release of DAMPs including Hsp70, Hsp90, HMGB1, and ATP along with CRT exposure 152 . However, immunization of mice with 4T1 cells treated with those NPs failed to induce a complete immune response in vivo where they did not prevent tumor development in re-challenge test.…”

Estudo da ação antitumoral de nanopartículas de prata biogênicas

“…AgNPs possuem propriedades imunomodeladoras e induzem a formação de ROS, interação com o DNA e inibição da proliferação celular. Com essas propriedades, as AgNPs representam uma opção interessante para investigação da ação antitumoral(FÉLIX- PIÑA et al, 2023).…”