Antitumorigenic activity of the prebiotic inulin enriched with oligofructose in combination with the probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium lactis on azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats

Femia, Angelo Pietro; Luceri, Cristina; Dolara, Piero; Giannini, A. James; Biggeri, Annibale; Salvadori, M.; Clune, Yvonne; Collins, Kevin J.; Paglierani, Milena; Caderni, Giovanna

doi:10.1093/carcin/23.11.1953

Cited by 282 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It has been reported before that butyrate -a fermentation product of prebiotic substances -is able to increase apoptosis via upregulation of BAX expression (Mandal et al, 2001). This is fitting to the proposed anti-carcinogenic effects described for inulin (Femia et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Maybe the main MKI67 expression was not located in the epithelial layer, which was investigated by microscopy, but in other parts of the gut wall. Nevertheless, both enhancement (Brunsgaard and Eggum, 1995) and decline (Femia et al, 2002) of gut epithelial proliferation have been described after treatment with different prebiotic substances in animal models. Simultaneously, a trend for an increased expression of BAX mRNA has been found in the ileum in both prebiotic groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown to lead to a shift in the intestinal bacterial flora toward more beneficial bifidobacteria , to impede carcinogenesis (Femia et al, 2002) or to stimulate the immune system (Schley and Field, 2002). In addition, it was shown to enhance growth performance of livestock (Van Loo, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of the prebiotics inulin and lactulose on intestinal immunology and hematology of preruminant calves

Masanetz

Preißinger

Meyer

et al. 2011

Animal

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Prebiotics are suggested as an alternative to antibiotics in animal rearing. Fermentable substances such as inulin or lactulose have been proposed to stimulate the immune system and health by modulation of the intestinal flora and its fermentation products. In this study, effects of inulin and lactulose on the intestinal health and hematology of calves have been investigated. Both prebiotics significantly decreased thrombocyte counts in peripheral blood. Only inulin was able to increase hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit. Total leukocyte count was decreased by lactulose while both prebiotics tended to lower monocyte proportions. mRNA expression of inflammation-related markers in the intestine was also affected by both prebiotics hinting at a decreased inflammatory status. This may be due to a possible decrease in intestinal pathogen load that remains to be verified. Only mRNA amounts of interleukin 8 were increased by lactulose in mesenteric lymph nodes. In the ileum, expression of a proliferation marker was increased by inulin while an apoptosis-related gene was increased by both prebiotics. The results of this study show a clear effect of prebiotics on certain parameters associated with animal health and performance that remain to be studied in detail in future investigations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of the prebiotics inulin and lactulose on intestinal immunology and hematology of preruminant calves

Masanetz

Preißinger

Meyer

et al. 2011

Animal

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“…Similar synergy was seen in rats with azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in another study. Rats fed Raftilose, a mixture of inulin and oligofructose, or Raftilose with Lactobacilli rhamnosus (LGG) and Bifidobacterium lactis (Bb12) had a significantly lower number of tumors compared to the control group [165]. A probiotic mixture, without any prebiotic, given to rats fed azoxymethane reduced colon tumors compared to the control (50% vs 90%), and also reduced the number of tumors per tumor-bearing rat [166].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet

Donaldson¹

2004

Nutr J

564

344

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It has been estimated that 30–40 percent of all cancers can be prevented by lifestyle and dietary measures alone. Obesity, nutrient sparse foods such as concentrated sugars and refined flour products that contribute to impaired glucose metabolism (which leads to diabetes), low fiber intake, consumption of red meat, and imbalance of omega 3 and omega 6 fats all contribute to excess cancer risk. Intake of flax seed, especially its lignan fraction, and abundant portions of fruits and vegetables will lower cancer risk. Allium and cruciferous vegetables are especially beneficial, with broccoli sprouts being the densest source of sulforophane. Protective elements in a cancer prevention diet include selenium, folic acid, vitamin B-12, vitamin D, chlorophyll, and antioxidants such as the carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, cryptoxanthin). Ascorbic acid has limited benefits orally, but could be very beneficial intravenously. Supplementary use of oral digestive enzymes and probiotics also has merit as anticancer dietary measures. When a diet is compiled according to the guidelines here it is likely that there would be at least a 60–70 percent decrease in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers, and even a 40–50 percent decrease in lung cancer, along with similar reductions in cancers at other sites. Such a diet would be conducive to preventing cancer and would favor recovery from cancer as well.

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“…During microscopic observation, MDF and ACF identified in HID-AB-stained colon were marked with permanent ink (Davidson Marking System; Bradley Products, Bloomington, MN), dissected with a scalpel, then embedded in paraffin in such a way that the crypts could be sectioned longitudinally. Sample sections (4 mm) were mounted on electrostatic-treated slides (Superfrost Plus, Medite, Italy) and processed for immunohistochemistry as described before 18 using the primary antibody against b-catenin (Transduction Laboratories, Lexington, KY) diluted 1:1,000. The slides were weakly counterstained with Harris' hematoxylin and observed under a microscope to evaluate the cellular localization of b-catenin.…”

Section: Dissection Of Lesions and Evaluation Of Immunostaining For Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucin‐depleted foci have β‐catenin gene mutations, altered expression of its protein, and are dose‐ and time‐dependent in the colon of 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine‐treated rats

Femia

Bendinelli

Giannini

et al. 2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Mucin-depleted foci (MDF) are purported preneoplastic lesions that can be easily visualized in the unsectioned colon of carcinogen-treated rats stained with high-iron diamine alcian blue (HID-AB). In F344 rats treated twice with 150 mg/kg of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and sacrificed after 5, 9, 13 and 28 weeks, MDF increased over time from 5 to 13 weeks, whereas they decreased at 28 weeks, when tumors appear. MDF multiplicity (crypts/MDF) linearly increased with time. Increasing doses of DMH (100, 150 and 200 mg/kg 3 2 times) caused a dose-related increase in MDF. Mutations in Ctnnb1 gene codifying for b-catenin were identified with PCR amplification and direct sequencing in 6/15 tumors (40%), 7/28 MDF (25%) and 2/27 (7%) aberrant crypt foci (ACF) identified in HID-AB-stained colon. All mutations in tumors and MDF caused amino acid substitution, while one mutation in ACF was silent. b-catenin detected at membrane level by immunohistochemistry was markedly reduced in MDF and tumors and, to a lesser extent, in ACF identified with HID-AB. By contrast, nuclear localization of b-catenin was significantly increased in MDF and tumors, while no variation was observed in ACF. b-catenin cytoplasmic expression was also significantly increased in MDF and tumors but to a lesser extent in ACF. In conclusion, MDF are induced dose-dependently by DMH, increase in size with time, have mutations in the b-catenin gene and marked alterations in b-catenin cellular localization. Since all these phenomena are considered specific steps for colon tumorigenesis, these results further support the hypothesis that MDF are cancer precursors and can be proposed as endpoints in short-term carcinogenesis experiments. ' 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Antitumorigenic activity of the prebiotic inulin enriched with oligofructose in combination with the probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium lactis on azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats

Cited by 282 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of the prebiotics inulin and lactulose on intestinal immunology and hematology of preruminant calves

Effects of the prebiotics inulin and lactulose on intestinal immunology and hematology of preruminant calves

Nutrition and cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet

Mucin‐depleted foci have β‐catenin gene mutations, altered expression of its protein, and are dose‐ and time‐dependent in the colon of 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine‐treated rats

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