Antitumorigenic effect of a mammalian lignan precursor from flaxseed

Thompson, Lilian U.; Seidl, Maja M.; Rickard, Sharon E.; Orcheson, Lindy J.; Fong, Harry H. S.

doi:10.1080/01635589609514472

Cited by 233 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…As it is well documented that plant lignans also have potent antitumorigenic activity with minimal side effects (Thompson et al, 1996;Bylund et al, 2005;Saarinen et al, 2008), we tested whether this activity could involve sensitization to death receptor signaling. A number of closely related lignans ( Figure 1a) were tested in a non-toxic concentration for their capacity to sensitize LNCaP prostate cancer cells to TRAIL receptor-mediated apoptosis in the prescence or absence of androgen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that lignans inhibit proliferation and are cytotoxic to prostate cancer cell lines (Lin et al, 2001, Chen et al, 2007. Moreover, lignans can prevent tumor growth and induce apoptosis in vivo in prostate cancer xenografts or chemically induced mammary tumors (Bylund et al, 2005;Saarinen et al, 2008;Thompson et al, 1996) and can also reduce experimental metastasis (Li et al, 1999). Plant-derived lignans, such as matairesinol (MAT), are metabolized by mammalian gut microflora resulting in enterolactone (ENL) or enterodiol (Axelson et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibition of Akt signaling by the lignan matairesinol sensitizes prostate cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis

et al. 2009

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Akt signaling by the lignan matairesinol sensitizes prostate cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis

et al. 2009

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“…In another study the flax lignan SDG was fed to mice starting 1 week after treatment with the carcinogen dimethylbenzanthracene. The number of tumors per rat was reduced by 46% compared to the control in this study [71]. Flax or its lignan (SDG) were tested to see if they would prevent melanoma metastasis.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet

Donaldson¹

2004

Nutr J

566

344

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It has been estimated that 30–40 percent of all cancers can be prevented by lifestyle and dietary measures alone. Obesity, nutrient sparse foods such as concentrated sugars and refined flour products that contribute to impaired glucose metabolism (which leads to diabetes), low fiber intake, consumption of red meat, and imbalance of omega 3 and omega 6 fats all contribute to excess cancer risk. Intake of flax seed, especially its lignan fraction, and abundant portions of fruits and vegetables will lower cancer risk. Allium and cruciferous vegetables are especially beneficial, with broccoli sprouts being the densest source of sulforophane. Protective elements in a cancer prevention diet include selenium, folic acid, vitamin B-12, vitamin D, chlorophyll, and antioxidants such as the carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, cryptoxanthin). Ascorbic acid has limited benefits orally, but could be very beneficial intravenously. Supplementary use of oral digestive enzymes and probiotics also has merit as anticancer dietary measures. When a diet is compiled according to the guidelines here it is likely that there would be at least a 60–70 percent decrease in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers, and even a 40–50 percent decrease in lung cancer, along with similar reductions in cancers at other sites. Such a diet would be conducive to preventing cancer and would favor recovery from cancer as well.

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“…After estrogen deprivation, SP and its isoflavone genistein have been shown to increase the growth of the MCF-7 tumors in ovariectomized animals, [9][10][11] while no stimulation of MCF-7 tumor growth has been observed when mice were exposed to FS 12 or its mammalian lignan metabolites, enterodiol and enterolactone. 11 In addition, FS, SDG and enterolactone have been shown to reduce the growth of the dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)-induced hormone responsive mammary tumors in nonovariectomized rats, [13][14][15] suggesting a protective role of lignan-rich diets and enterolactone in breast cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Flaxseed attenuates the tumor growth stimulating effect of soy protein in ovariectomized athymic mice with MCF‐7 human breast cancer xenografts

Saarinen

Power

Chen

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

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In several epidemiological studies, a phytoestrogen-rich diet containing lignans and isoflavones is associated with reduced breast cancer risk, but experimental findings are controversial. In postmenopausal mammary cancer xenograft model, flaxseed (FS), a rich source of plant lignans, reduced breast cancer growth, while soy protein (SP), a rich source of isoflavones, enhanced it. The intake of phytoestrogens is increasing particularly among postmenopausal women, emphasizing the importance of elucidating their interactive effects on breast cancer. Our study determined the effect of FS and SP diets, alone and in combination, on the established human breast cancer MCF-7 tumor growth in ovariectomized athymic nude mice. Tumor bearing mice were divided into 4 groups and fed for 25 weeks either the basal diet (BD), or BD supplemented with 10% FS, 20% SP or 10% FS and 20% SP. After estrogen deprivation, FS regressed the tumor size similar to that of control. SP initially regressed the tumors but starting at week 13, the tumors regressed significantly less than in control and 43% of the tumors were regrowing until the end of the experiment and were significantly larger in size than in control. The combination of SP with FS reduced the tumor growth similar to that of control, as suggested also by the reduced tumor cell proliferation index. In conclusion, dietary FS did not stimulate the growth of estrogen responsive MCF-7 cancers in ovariectomized mice, while long-term consumption of SP did. Furthermore, FS reduced the tumor growth stimulating effect of SP to the same level as control, suggesting tumor growth attenuating effect of FS. ' 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Antitumorigenic effect of a mammalian lignan precursor from flaxseed

Cited by 233 publications

References 28 publications

Inhibition of Akt signaling by the lignan matairesinol sensitizes prostate cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis

Inhibition of Akt signaling by the lignan matairesinol sensitizes prostate cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis

Nutrition and cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet

Flaxseed attenuates the tumor growth stimulating effect of soy protein in ovariectomized athymic mice with MCF‐7 human breast cancer xenografts

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