Antitumour and anticarcinogenic activity of Phyllanthus amarus extract

Rajeshkumar, N.V.; Joy, K.L.; Kuttan, Girija; Ramsewak, Russel S.; Nair, Muraleedharan G.; Kuttan, Ramadasan

doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(01)00419-6

Cited by 163 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In addition to alkaloids, other compounds including tannins, flavonoids, phenols, triterpenoids, fatty acids, esters of phthalic acid, lignins such as phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin, and vitamin C have been isolated and characterized in several species of the genus Phyllanthus (Ahmad, Husain, Osman, 1981;Miguel et al, 1996;Quian-Cutrone, 1996;Ueno et al, 1988;Ishimaru et al, 1992;Rajeshkumar et al, 2002;Mahdi et al, 2011;Samali et al, 2012). Studies with P. niruri have found flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol (El-Mekkawy et al, 1995), lignin glycosides called phyllanthostatin A, 1 and 2 (Pettit, Schaufelberger, 1988;Pettit et al, 1990), ellagitannins such as geraniin and furosin (Miguel et al, 1996), niruroidine (Quian-Cutrone et al, 1996), lignans as nirtetralin A and B (Wei et al, 2012) among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of (anti)genotoxic activities of Phyllanthus niruri L. in rat bone marrow using the micronucleus test

Queiroz

Matias

Cunha

et al. 2013

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae), known as "quebra-pedra" (Portuguese for "stonebreaker"), is an herb used for kidney disorders. In light of its frequent use by the population, the present study aimed to investigate the genotoxic, antigenotoxic and cytotoxic activities of a standardized P. niruri extract in bone marrow rats. Three groups of 12 animals were treated daily by gavage over a period of 30 days, with 50, 150 or 250 mg/kg of P. niruri extract aqueous solution. The control group (n = 12) received tap water. At the end of treatment (day 31), groups were divided into two minor subgroups (n=6/group) and received cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline 0.9% (i.p.). After 24 hours, we evaluated the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes for each animal (MNPCE) at 1000 PCE. Cytotoxicity was evaluated with the PCE/NCE ratio (NEC = normochromatic erythrocytes). General toxicity was assessed during treatment using the parameters of body weight gain, ration and water consumption. The dry extract did not provoke changes in body weight, weight gain, ration and water intake or changes in the frequency of MNPCE or cytotoxicity in bone marrow. We propose that the P. niruri extract used here showed no genotoxic, antigenotoxic and cytotoxic activities under the experimental conditions. Uniterms: Phyllanthus niruri L./genotoxicity. Phyllanthus niruri L./toxicological analysis/experimental study. Medicinal plantas/evaluation.Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae), conhecida como "quebra-pedra", é uma planta medicinal utilizada frequentemente pela população no tratamento de problemas renais. Foram avaliadas as atividades genotóxicas, antigenotóxicas e citotóxicas de um extrato padronizado dessa espécie em ratos. Três grupos de doze animais foram tratados durante trinta dias, por gavagem, com 50, 150 ou 250 mg/kg/dia de solução aquosa do extrato de P. niruri e um grupo controle (n=12) recebeu água destilada pela mesma via. No final do tratamento os grupos foram divididos em dois subgrupos (6 animais/grupo) e receberam uma dose única de ciclofosfamida (50 mg/kg, i.p.) ou de solução salina 0,9% (i.p.). Após 24 horas, a frequência de eritrócitos policromáticos micronucleados (EPCMN) foi avaliada em 1000 EPC. A citotoxicidade foi avaliada pela relação entre eritrócitos policromáticos e normocromáticos (EPC/ ENC) e a toxicidade geral foi avaliada através dos parâmetros de ganho de peso corporal, consumo de ração e ingestão hídrica. O extrato seco não provocou alterações significativas no peso corporal, ganho de peso e consumo de ração em relação ao grupo controle, nem alterações na frequência de EPCMN ou citotoxicidade em medula óssea. Dessa maneira, pode-se concluir que P. niruri não apresentou atividades genotóxica, antigenotóxica e/ou citotóxica nas condições experimentais executadas. Unitermos INTRODUCTIONMedicinal plants and their preparations have been used to treat several illnesses since the dawn of human history and are one of the foundations for healthcare worldwide (AESGP, 1998;Turolla, 2004;Me...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of (anti)genotoxic activities of Phyllanthus niruri L. in rat bone marrow using the micronucleus test

Queiroz

Matias

Cunha

et al. 2013

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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“…Although the active ingredients in medicated soap are known and are often rich in glycerine, detergents, isopropylalcohol and some chemicals capable of causing irritation on dry and sensitive skin types (Omobuwajo et al 2011), the antibacterial potential of African black soap may be attributed to the synergy between the phytochemicals in the plants and oils serving as components of the black soaps. These phytochemicals may include bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, pigments, phenolics, terpenoids, steroids and essential oils (Rajeshkumar et al 2002). The palm kernel oil contains dodecanoic acid (Collin & Hilditch 1928), whereas the palm oil contains saturated palmitic, oleic and linoleic acid (Duke 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of the antibacterial activity of some African black soaps and medicated soaps commonly used for the treatment of bacteria-infected wound

Olajuyigbe

Adeoye-Isijola

Adedayo

2017

JOMPED

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Background: Black soap is a medicinal product that could be harnessed for economic purpose if properly packaged, and misconception about its traditional use by herbalists is thrown overboard.Aims: To promote the relevance of these soaps for economic development, this study compared the antibacterial activity of black soaps with medicated soaps widely used against bacterial infections.Methods: The antibacterial activities of these soap samples were determined by agar diffusion and macrobroth dilution methods.Results: In this study, the statistical analysis of the inhibition zones showed that black soaps were significantly (p < 0.05) more active than medicated soaps used against the test bacterial isolates. The black soaps inhibited and killed the isolates better than the medicated soaps at the different concentrations used. The minimum inhibitory concentration for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis ranged between 0.125 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL, Staphylococcus aureus (0.25–4) mg/mL, Escherichia coli (0.125–4) mg/mL and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1–4) mg/mL. The result showed that K. pneumoniae and E. faecalis were the most susceptible, followed by E. faecalis > E. coli > S. aureus > P. aeruginosa.Conclusion: As a valuable medicinal output derivable from organic waste product that could be converted to wealth, African black soap production, utilisation and commercialisation have tremendous economic potentials. These soaps showed significant antibacterial activity greater than those of the medicated soaps. Hence, their use could be a better option in place of commercially available medicated and antiseptic soaps because of the degree of antibacterial activities they exhibited.

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“…Several classes of chemicals have been found in P. niruri, including lignans, alkaloids, benzenoids, coumarins, lipid, sterol, tannin, terpenes, saponins and flavonoids [72]. A few flavonoid from P. niruri that have been reported so far include quercetin, rutin, astragalin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, kaempferol-4'-rhamnopyranoside, fisetin-4-o-glucoside and nirurin [73,74]. Harish & Shivanandappa [72] investigated the antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potential of P. niruri.…”

Section: Tpc and Tfc Of O Stamineus And P Niruri Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-obesity Potential of Selected Tropical Plants via Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition

Alias¹,

Leow²,

Ali³

et al. 2017

AOWMC

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Natural products are a vast source of potential compounds that can be developed as anti-obesity agent. One of the mechanisms of anti-obesity agents is inhibition of pancreatic lipase. Assay of 24 crude extracts for their in vitro activity against porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) detected four extracts demonstrating high (>70%) inhibition, seven extracts had medium (30-70%) inhibition and the remaining 13 extracts exhibited low (<30%) inhibition when incubated with PPL at a concentration of 500 µg/ml for 10 min at 37°C. Phyllanthus niruri extract displayed the most potent PPL inhibitor, followed by Orthosiphon stamineus, Murraya paniculata and Averrhoa bilimbi with the IC50 value of 27.7<34.7< 41.5<55.2 µg/ml, respectively. P. niruri & O. stamineus (the best two extracts) showed noncompetitive and uncompetitive inhibition, respectively. P. niruri & O. stamineus displayed total phenolic content of 431.0 ± 0.01 and 103.0 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g dry extract, while total flavonoid content of 14.8 ± 0.07 and 21.6 ± 0.03 mg QE/g dry extract, respectively. Both P. niruri & O. stamineus extracts showed high antioxidant activity, with EC50 values of 8.4 and 26.3 µg/ml, respectively. The results suggest that P. niruri & O. stamineus may be beneficial for obesity treatment via pancreatic lipase inhibition action.

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Antitumour and anticarcinogenic activity of Phyllanthus amarus extract

Cited by 163 publications

References 18 publications

Evaluation of (anti)genotoxic activities of Phyllanthus niruri L. in rat bone marrow using the micronucleus test

Evaluation of (anti)genotoxic activities of Phyllanthus niruri L. in rat bone marrow using the micronucleus test

A comparison of the antibacterial activity of some African black soaps and medicated soaps commonly used for the treatment of bacteria-infected wound

Anti-obesity Potential of Selected Tropical Plants via Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition

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