Antiulcerogenic Activity of Crude Extract, Fractions and Populnoic Acid Isolated from Austroplenckia populnea (Celastraceae)

Abstract

Many plant crude extracts and their isolated compounds are the most attractive sources of new drugs and show promising results for the treatment of gastric ulcers. Austroplenckia populnea is commonly known as "marmelinho-do campo, mangabeira-brava, mangabarana and vime" and it has been used in folk medicine as anti-dysenteric and anti-rheumatic. Powdered bark wood (3.25 kg) was macerated with aqueous ethanol (96%) and the extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 406 g of crude hydralcoholic extract. The hydralcoholic extract was suspended in aqueous methanol and partitioned with hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) in sequence, yielding 8.0 g, 9.5 g and 98.17 g of crude extracts, respectively. Chromatography of the hexane extract over a silica gel column led to the isolation of the triterpene populnoic acid. The oral administration of hydralcoholic, hexane, chloroform and EtOAc extracts (200 mg/kg) decreased the ulcer lesion index (ULI) by 83.15%, 46.87%, 32.2%, 68.12%, respectively. Oral administration of populnoic acid (100 mg/ kg) diminished the ULI by 55.29%. All the obtained results were significant in comparison with the negative control, with exception of the chloroform extract.

Microencapsulation of sodium alendronate reduces drug mucosal damage in rats

“…The ulcers were classified as level I, ulcer area < 1 mm 2 ; level II, ulcer area 1-3 mm 2 ; and level III, ulcer area > 3 mm 2 . The following parameters were determined: (i) Ulcerative Lesion Index (ULI) as 1x (number of ulcers level I) + 2x (number of ulcers level II) + 3x (number of ulcers level III); (ii) total area of lesion; and (iii) percentage of the lesion area calculated by dividing the lesion area by the total stomach area multiplied by 100 (Andrade et al, 2006).…”

Antiulcerogenic activity of fractions and 3,15-Dioxo-21α-hydroxy friedelane isolated from Maytenus robusta (Celastraceae)

“…The ulcers were classified as level I, ulcer area <1 mm 2 ; level II, ulcer area 1-3 mm 2 ; and level III, ulcer area >3 mm 2 . The following parameters were determined: i) Ulcerative Lesion Index (ULI) as 1x (number of ulcers level I) + 2x (number of ulcers level II) + 3x (number of ulcers level III); ii) cure ratio, which was determined as follows: % C = 100 (IU treated 100/IU control ); iii) total area of lesion; iv) percentage of lesion area in relation to total stomach area (Andrade et al, 2006).…”

“…Several species belong to the family Celastraceae have been cited as displaying anti-ulcer activity, e. g., Maytenus ilicifolia (Jorge et al, 2004;Cipriani et al, 2006), M. aquifolium (Gonzalez et al, 2001), M. truncata (Silva et al, 2005), Austroplenckia populnea (Andrade et al, 2006). Also, the leaves of some species of this family are used as traditional medicine due to their analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiulcerogenic activities (Corrêa, 1984;Jorge et al, 2004;Silva et al, 2005).…”

Genotoxicity of the medicinal plant Maytenus robusta in mammalian cells in vivo

“…However, another species of the Celastraceae family, A. populnea, also displays anti-ulcer activity (Andrade et al, 2006), shares some of the compounds present in M. robusta extract, and has displayed similar genotoxic effects. A. populnea hydroalcoholic leaf extract evaluated using the micronucleus test and chromosome aberration assays induced no clastogenic effects in the bone marrow cells of Wistar rats (Pugliesi et al, 2007).…”

“…Some species of this family have been shown to have anti-ulcer activity, e.g. : Maytenus ilicifolia (Jorge et al, 2004), M. aquifolium (Gonzalez et al, 2001), M. truncata (Silva et al, 2005), and Austroplenckia populnea (Andrade et al, 2006). Phytochemical characterizations of plants belonging to the Maytenus genus have demonstrated the presence of many classes of constituents, including flavonoids (Leite et al, 2001;Tiberti et al, 2007), pentacyclic triterpenes principally from the friedelane, oleanane, lupane, and ursane series (Oliveira et al, 2006), sesquiterpenes, alkaloids (Brüning and Wagner, 1978), and condensed tannins (Gonzalez et al, 1982).…”