Antiviral anthraquinones from the roots of Knoxia valerianoides

Zhao, Feng; Zhao, Shuai; Han, Jingtian; Wang, Yuan‐Fang; Wang, Yanan; Wang, Chunhua

doi:10.1016/j.phytol.2014.11.015

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…After intermittent shakings and a resting period, the extracts were centrifuged, diluted in methanol (1:100) and injected for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses. Locatelli et al (2012), Sakulpanich and Gritsanapan (2008) and Zhao et al (2015), as referred by Duval, mention the use of water and protic solvents, as well as acidic hydrolysis to release aglycone forms or ethyl acetate to achieve the extraction of anthraquinone dimers (Donfack et al, 2014 as referred by Duval et al, 2016).…”

Section: Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of hydroxyanthracene derivatives for use in food

Younes¹,

Aggett²,

Aguilar³

et al. 2018

EFS2

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The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety of hydroxyanthracene derivatives and to provide advice on a daily intake that does not give rise to concerns about harmful effects to health. Hydroxyanthracene derivatives are a class of chemical substances naturally occurring in different botanical species and used in food to improve bowel function. The ANS Panel reviewed the available scientific data on a possible relationship between hydroxyanthracene derivatives exposure and genotoxic and carcinogenic effects. On the basis of the data currently available, the Panel noted that emodin, aloe-emodin and the structurally related substance danthron have shown evidence of in vitro genotoxicity. Aloe extracts have also been shown to be genotoxic in vitro possibly due to the presence of hydroxyanthracene derivatives in the extract. Furthermore, aloe-emodin was shown to be genotoxic in vivo and the wholeleaf aloe extract and the structural analogue danthron were shown to be carcinogenic. Epidemiological data suggested an increased risk for colorectal cancer associated with the general use of laxatives, several of which contain hydroxyanthracene derivatives. Considering the possible presence of aloe-emodin and emodin in extracts, the Panel concluded that hydroxyanthracene derivatives should be considered as genotoxic and carcinogenic unless there are specific data to the contrary, such as for rhein, and that there is a safety concern for extracts containing hydroxyanthracene derivatives although uncertainty persists. The Panel was unable to provide advice on a daily intake of hydroxyanthracene derivatives that does not give rise to concerns about harmful effects to health.

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Section: Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of hydroxyanthracene derivatives for use in food

Younes¹,

Aggett²,

Aguilar³

et al. 2018

EFS2

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“…Hydro-alcoholic extract (95% ethanol) has been prepared by macerating 20 kg of pulverized dried roots of Knoxia valerianoides (Rubiaceae) in 10 L of solvent. The extract has been dissolved in water and partitioned with ethyl acetate ( Zhao et al, 2015 ). The authors have further used the ethyl acetate fraction to isolate the plant secondary metabolites.…”

Section: Extraction Of Anthraquinones From Polygonaceae Asphodelaceae...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to their cathartic and laxative properties, anthraquinones of plant origin have been found to be used since ancient times ( Thomson, 1986 ). In addition, their pharmacological potential includes anticancer, antimicrobial, immunosuppressive, antioxidant, antipyretic, diuretic, anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects ( Bisset, 1994 ; Chien et al, 2015 ; Zhao et al, 2015 , Singh et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral potential of anthraquinones from Polygonaceae, Rubiaceae and Asphodelaceae: Potent candidates in the treatment of SARS-COVID-19, A comprehensive review

Ntemafack

Singh

Ali

et al. 2022

South African Journal of Botany

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“…Since 1963, HDJ has been recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia for the treatment of edema and swelling, and chest and abdomen hydrocephalus, and for reducing swelling and dispelling lumps. It has been reported that HDJ contains lucidin, which has kidney and genetic toxicity (Inoue et al, 2009;Westendorf, Poginsky, Marquard, Groth, & Marquardt, 1988;Zhao et al, 2015a). It is recognized that stir-frying with vinegar can reduce the toxicity of Xu Yan and Min Zhao contributed equally to this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the incompatibility of Knoxiae Radix and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in rats by ¹H NMR and MS‐based untargeted metabolomic analysis

Yan

Zhao

Zou

et al. 2021

Biomedical Chromatography

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Knoxiae Radix (HDJ, usually used after being processed into CHDJ) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia for many years. It is said that Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (GC) is incompatible with HDJ, but this is unproven. In this work, nontargeted metabolomics experiments were performed on rats to evaluate the effect of the combination of the two herbals. For this, we conducted a 28-day administration in rats. The plasma, urine and kidney tissues were collected for a metabolomics study based on 1 H NMR and LC-MS. The OPLS-DA method was used to screen biomarkers. In addition, the KEGG Pathway database and MetaboAnalyst were used to find metabolic pathways. Twenty-two significant metabolites were identified. These metabolites were related to many metabolic pathways such as amino acid metabolism, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. Significant changes in urine creatinine levels revealed that CHDJ is nephrotoxic. When the GC-CHDJ mass ratio was 1, the toxicity was strengthened; when the GC-CHDJ' mass ratio was 3, the toxicity was alleviated. This is the first time that a metabolomics approach has been used to investigate the incompatibility of GC-CHDJ.

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Antiviral anthraquinones from the roots of Knoxia valerianoides

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Safety of hydroxyanthracene derivatives for use in food

Safety of hydroxyanthracene derivatives for use in food

Antiviral potential of anthraquinones from Polygonaceae, Rubiaceae and Asphodelaceae: Potent candidates in the treatment of SARS-COVID-19, A comprehensive review

Investigation of the incompatibility of Knoxiae Radix and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in rats by ¹H NMR and MS‐based untargeted metabolomic analysis

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Antiviral anthraquinones from the roots of Knoxia valerianoides

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Safety of hydroxyanthracene derivatives for use in food

Safety of hydroxyanthracene derivatives for use in food

Antiviral potential of anthraquinones from Polygonaceae, Rubiaceae and Asphodelaceae: Potent candidates in the treatment of SARS-COVID-19, A comprehensive review

Investigation of the incompatibility of Knoxiae Radix and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in rats by 1H NMR and MS‐based untargeted metabolomic analysis

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Investigation of the incompatibility of Knoxiae Radix and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma in rats by ¹H NMR and MS‐based untargeted metabolomic analysis