Antiviral Potential of Selected N-Methyl-N-phenyl Dithiocarbamate Complexes against Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Abstract

Despite the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, HIV remains a public health concern due to the inability of the treatment to eradicate the virus. In this study, N-methyl-N-phenyl dithiocarbamate complexes of indium(III), bismuth(III), antimony(III), silver(I), and copper(II) were synthesized. The complexes were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The N-methyl-N-phenyl dithiocarbamate complexes were then evaluated for their antiviral effects against HIV-1 subtypes A (Q168), B (QHO.168), and C (CAP210 and ZM53). The results showed that the copper(II)-bis (N-methyl-N-phenyl dithiocarbamate) complex had a neutralization efficiency of 94% for CAP210, 54% for ZM53, 45% for Q168, and 63% for QHO.168. The silver(I)-bis (N-methyl-N-phenyl dithiocarbamate) complex showed minimal neutralization efficiency against HIV, while indium(III) and antimony(III) N-methyl-N-phenyl dithiocarbamate complexes had no antiviral activity against HIV-1. The findings revealed that copper(II)-bis (N-methyl-N-phenyl dithiocarbamate), with further improvement, could be explored as an alternative entry inhibitor for HIV.

Synthesis and characterization of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate loaded nanoparticles for HIV‐1 treatment

“…The antiviral efficacy of the test compounds, that is, TDF, drug‐free NPs (PCL), and PCL‐TDF‐NPs against HIV‐1 pseudovirus was determined in TZM‐bl cells with the use of the single‐round infection neutralization assay as previously described, [ 50 ] with some modifications. EFV, a non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor was used as a positive control.…”

Solid-State Fluorescent Organic Polymers for Visual Detection and Elimination of Heavy Metals in Water

“…This characteristic is then harnessed for the elimination of hazardous heavy metals from polluted water sources. DTCs are a notable category of substances that play important roles in diverse domains, such as pharmaceuticals, chemical synthesis, and as amino-protecting agents and linkers in peptide chemistry. − The occurrence of DTC functional groups in a wide array of natural compounds exhibiting anticancer, antifungal, herbicidal, and pesticidal activities underscores their wide-ranging potential in diverse fields of application. − Hence, through the integration of these dual functionalities, we have developed an innovative organic polymer that serves a dual purpose. It not only serves as a visual indicator by exhibiting a distinct color change in the presence of different hazardous metals in water (Cu 2+ yellow, Co 2+ green, Ni 2+ pale yellowish-green, Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ brown) but also excels in removing them from contaminated water (except Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ ).…”

A Novel Class of Functionally Tuneable Star-Shaped Molecules for Interaction with Multiple Proteins

“…Moreover, their applications in the synthesis of important organic intermediates including thiourea, isothiocyanate, 2-imino-1,3-dithiolane, cyanamide, heterocyclic ring, and amides are notable. The presence of DTC moieties in various natural products having antitumor, fungicidal, herbicidal, and pesticide activity also throws light on the potential of DTC moieties in diverse fields of application [30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. On the other hand, triazoles are another important class of compounds, well-known for their biocompatibility and capability of forming hydrogen bonds, which can enhance solubility and be advantageous for binding to biomolecular targets.…”