Anwendung der IR‐Spektrographie auf dem Fettgebiet V: Untersuchung von Milchfetten auf trans‐ungesättigte Fettsäuren

Kaufmann, H. P.; Volbert, F.; Mankel, G.

doi:10.1002/lipi.19610630309

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For three subjects, the trans-18:1 acid content was in the range of 2.1-4.0% of the total fatty acids. These values were not different from those determined by IR spectroscopy by Kaufmann et al (11). Harzer et al (13), on the other hand, reported that trans-18:1 acids were "not detectable" in the milk from German and English women as determined by GLC on a column packed with Silar-10C.…”

Section: Total Content Of Trans-18:1 Isomers and Dependence On The Dietmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…The dependence of the trans acid content of human milk on the mothers trans acid intake was confirmed and formalized by Craig-Schmidt et al (18) in 1984. Though these authors were apparently not aware of the study by Kaufmann et al (11), their experimental design was about the same, except that they analyzed trans acids by capillary GLC (30-m SP-2330 column) instead of by IR spectroscopy. For eight American women who ate a self-chosen diet, at the beginning of the experiment a content of 4.8% of trans-18:1 acids was determined.…”

Section: Total Content Of Trans-18:1 Isomers and Dependence On The Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anyway, the studies by Kaufmann et al (11), Aitchison et al (14), and Craig-Schmidt et al (18) demonstrated that the trans-18:1 acid content of human milk is directly dependent on the quantity consumed in the previous days, although other parameters may interfere with the deposition of these isomers in milk lipids.…”

Section: Total Content Of Trans-18:1 Isomers and Dependence On The Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trans‐18:1 acid content and profile in human milk lipids. Critical survey of data in connection with analytical methods

Wolff

Precht

Molkentin

1998

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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This study presents an in-depth, critical survey of the current knowledge about trans-18:1 acid content and profile in human milk lipids. Emphasis is placed on the analytical methods employed to quantitate trans-18:1 acids, most of which lead to imprecise quantitative data. It is demonstrated that data obtained by single gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) on polar capillary columns are underestimates by 25-40%. Several experiments indicate that the total content of trans-18:1 acids in human milk is directly related to the quantities ingested the previous day(s), provided no gross weight loss occurs during breast-milk feeding. Equations have been proposed to describe this relationship, and apparently the percentage of trans-18:1 isomers, relative to total fatty acids, is approximately threefourths the quantity (in g) ingested by lactating mothers. That is, the determination of the trans-18:1 acid percentage in human milk is a convenient means to estimate trans-18:1 acid consumption by corresponding populations. Adapted methods (i.e., silver-ion thin-layer chromatography, coupled with GLC on long polar capillary columns) allow accurate quantitation of most individual trans-18:1 acids, more particularly of the trans-∆16 isomer. This determination, along with a knowledge of the distribution of individual isomers in ruminant fats and partially hydrogenated oils, is a convenient means to estimate the relative contribution of these two dietary sources to the distribution of individual trans-18:1 isomers in human milk lipids. A comparison of human milk and infant formulas is made with regard to trans-18:1 acid content and profile. Important differences are noted between data from European countries and from North America. JAOCS 75, 661-671 (1998) KEY WORDS: Human milk, infant formulas, lipids, trans fatty acids.Humans do not synthesize trans fatty acids, and their presence in tissue and secretion (particularly milk) lipids is necessarily linked to their presence in the diet. Trans fatty acids may originate from three possible dietary sources; ruminant fats (milk, meat, adipose tissue), partially hydrogenated oils (margarines, shortenings, cooking fats), and deodorized oils (particularly α-linolenic acid-containing oils, i.e., soybean and rapeseed oils). With the exception of the latter source, the principal trans components are 18:1 isomers. Trans-polyunsaturated (18:2 and 18:3) acids are also widely distributed in our diets, but in low amounts. Although both categories of isomers are suspected as harmful components, here we will focus our attention on trans-18:1 acids only.Several exhaustive reviews on the health effects of trans fatty acids have been published during the last decade (1-7), but whether trans-18:1 isomers in human milk may impair any biochemical or physiological functions in breast-fed infants has not been proven with certainty. However, owing to possible negative physiological effects as a result of transfatty acid consumption in adults, there is, in particular, cause for concern for infants. It is ther...

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Section: Total Content Of Trans-18:1 Isomers and Dependence On The Dietmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Total Content Of Trans-18:1 Isomers and Dependence On The Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Total Content Of Trans-18:1 Isomers and Dependence On The Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trans‐18:1 acid content and profile in human milk lipids. Critical survey of data in connection with analytical methods

Wolff

Precht

Molkentin

1998

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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“…Der erstmals von KAUFMANN u. a. gefuhrte Nachweis des ubertritts von trans-Fettsauren in die menschliche Milch [98] hat angesichts der moglichen unerwunschten Wirkungen dieser Substanzen bei Siuglingen groDe Besorgnis ausgelost. Obwohl bisher nur splrliche und wegen analytisch-methodischer Schwierigkeiten ungenugende Daten uber die im Sauglingsalter gegebene Exposition mit trans-Fettsauren vorliegen, hat die Kommission der Europaischen Gemeinschaft in einer jungeren Richtlinie zur Zusammensetzung von Sauglings-Milchnahrungen erstmals eine Begrenzung des trans-Fettsauregehaltes in den verwendeten Rohstoffen auf maximal 8 % aller enthaltenen Fettsauren festgesetzt [30].…”

Section: Biologische Wirkungenunclassified

Zufuhr, Stoffwechsel und biologische Wirkungen trans‐isomerer Fettsäuren bei Säuglingen

Koletzko

1991

Nahrung

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Consumption of trans-fatty acids increased markedly during this century due to the widespread use of partially hydrogenated fats. A sensitive analytical method was developed which enables the precise determination of 7 trans-isomers in small sample volumes. With this method we documented the materno-fetal transfer of trans-fatty acids across the human placenta. The content in human milk depends on maternal diet and is lower in Germany than in the Sudan. The distribution in fore- and hind-milk, in milk fat fractions and within the triglyceride molecule was determined. The content of trans-fatty acids is lower in commercial and home-made infant formulae than in human milk, although there is a certain batch to batch variation in formulae. Infants absorb dietary trans-isomers and incorporate them into endogenous lipids, subcutaneous tissue and cell membranes. Trans-fatty acids in plasma lipids are significantly higher in infants fed human milk than in those fed formulae. African children have a lower exposure than Germans. The relative contribution of trans-octadecenoic acid is lower in plasma sterol esters than in triglycerides and phospholipids, pointing to a negative selectivity of plasmatic cholesterol esterification with this fatty acid. Thus, a high supply of trans-octadecenoic acid might have negative effects on the cholesterol levels. In premature infants we found an inverse correlation between trans-fatty acid exposure and birthweight, thus interference with intrauterine growth appears possible. A possible causative factor could be impaired biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids by trans-isomers, for which we found strong indications. The results of our investigations the question whether the consumption of trans-fatty acids in pregnant and lactating women and in infants is nutritionally safe.

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“…On a ainsi identifié environ soixante acides gras [HERB, 1960, cité par SMITH, 1961 et nous en avons récemment dressé un tableau <, d'ensemble . Les acides gras du lait de chèvre ont été étudiés par JAMES et MARTIN (1956) et JAl'.1ES, • PEETERS et LAURYSSENS(1956); ceux du lait de femme par INsuLL et AHRENS (1959) et KAUFMANN,VOLBERT et MANKEL (1961). Il n'existe pas, à notre connaissance, d'études, par chromatographie en phase gazeuse ou par spectrométrie, des acides gras du lait de truie ou du lait de brebis.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Contribution a l'étude des acides gras du lait de différentes espèces animales

Kuzdzal-Savoie¹,

Kuzdzal²

1963

Lait

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Anwendung der IR‐Spektrographie auf dem Fettgebiet V: Untersuchung von Milchfetten auf trans‐ungesättigte Fettsäuren

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

Trans‐18:1 acid content and profile in human milk lipids. Critical survey of data in connection with analytical methods

Trans‐18:1 acid content and profile in human milk lipids. Critical survey of data in connection with analytical methods

Zufuhr, Stoffwechsel und biologische Wirkungen trans‐isomerer Fettsäuren bei Säuglingen

Contribution a l'étude des acides gras du lait de différentes espèces animales

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