Anxiety and associated factors among prisoners in North West of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Dadi, Abel Fekadu; Dachew, Berihun Assefa; Kisi, Teresa; Yigzaw, Nigussie; Azale, Telake

doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0792-y

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Majority of the individuals with mental illness were young [11, 12, 28] and first time offenders [13] . They had a low education level [8, 11, 12], were alleged or convicted of committing violent crimes [29] and had a past history of traumatic brain injury [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and associated factors of mental disorders among prisoners in Mbarara municipality, southwestern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

2019

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Background Research in high income countries reports higher prevalence of mental disorders among prisoners than in the general population. Lack of published data from low resource settings affects planning and eventual service provision to the prisoners. This study aimed to determine the burden of mental disorders and associated factors among prisoners in Mbarara municipality in southwestern Uganda. Methods This was a prison facility based cross sectional study among 414 inmates in Mbarara municipality. We consecutively enrolled them by simple random sampling from 3 prison facilities. Participants completed a sociodemographic and clinical factor questionnaire, and the M.I.N.I. Version 6.0. Data were analyzed using STATA 12.0. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the prevalence, and associated factors using the individual odds ratios with their 95% Confidence Intervals and P -values as a measure of association, clinical and statistical significance respectively. Results A total of 354 (86%) prison-inmates met criteria for a psychiatric disorder. Of these, 338 (95%) had one or more diagnoses. Major depression was the most common diagnosis (44%). Factors associated with mental disorders included history of traumatic brain injury (OR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.22–5.42; P -value = 0.01), low income status (OR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.16–0.63; P -value = 0.001) and authoritarian parenting (OR = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.18–0.75; P -value = 0.006). Conclusions There is a high prevalence of psychiatric illness among prisoners in Mbarara municipality with most of them having more than one diagnosis. Majority of the prisoners with mental illness go undiagnosed and untreated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and associated factors of mental disorders among prisoners in Mbarara municipality, southwestern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

2019

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“…43.6% of the respondents feel that they had been discriminated by their families, friends and significant others because of their imprisonment (questionnaire or MPSS, source not stated). 64.7% “yes” reported social support; 35.3 “no” (MPSS)Low*Dadi et al 2016 [90] (same sample as Beyen)PrevalencePrisonEthiopiaNRandom, YYes, Yes649, 27.8, 89.8%NANSGAD-7 (S)36.1% anxiety (GAD-7)LowFatoye et al 2006 [91]PrevalencePrisonNigeriaNCensusNo, Yes303, 31.2, 96.4%NANC/A *81.3% awaiting trial, 18.7% sentencedGHQ-30 (S), HADS (S)87.8% possible psychiatric morbidity (GHQ-30 ≥ 5). 85.3% HADS ≥ 8 significant depressive symptomsLowIbrahim et al 2015 [92]PrevalencePrisonGhanaNRandom and census, NSYes, Yes100, 37, 89%NANSK10 (S)64% K10 scores ≥ 25 indicating moderate to severe mental distressLowKanyanya 2007 [93]PrevalencePrisonKenyaNCensusNo, Yes76, 33.5, 100%*Males, convicted of sex offenseCSCID (D), IPDE (D)35.5% DSM-IV Axis 1 disorder (SCID).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health of people detained within the justice system in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis

Lovett

Kwon

Kidia

et al. 2019

Int J Ment Health Syst

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Worldwide, people with mental disorders are detained within the justice system at higher rates than the general population and often suffer human rights abuses. This review sought to understand the state of knowledge on the mental health of people detained in the justice system in Africa, including epidemiology, conditions of detention, and interventions. We included all primary research studies examining mental disorders or mental health policy related to detention within the justice system in Africa. 80 met inclusion criteria. 67% were prevalence studies and meta-analysis of these studies revealed pooled prevalence as follows: substance use 38% (95% CI 26–50%), mood disorders 22% (95% CI 16–28%), and psychotic disorders 33% (95% CI 28–37%). There were only three studies of interventions. Studies examined prisons (46%), forensic hospital settings (37%), youth institutions (13%), or the health system (4%). In 36% of studies, the majority of participants had not been convicted of a crime. Given the high heterogeneity in subpopulations identified in this review, future research should examine context and population-specific interventions for people with mental disorders. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13033-019-0273-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…After calculating the global score of sleep quality, the global score of PSQI is above five [19,23] (3) Anxiety. Study participants who scored 9 and above in the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Item 7 (GAD-7) questionnaire were categorized as having anxiety [24] ( (Figure 1). More than one-third of the respondents 123 (32%) took more than 30 minutes to fall asleep, and 134 (34.9%) of the study participants slept less than 7 hours of duration with mean sleep duration of 7.09 (SD = 1:5).…”

Section: Operational Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Quality and Associated Factors among Diabetes, Hypertension, and Heart Failure Patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

et al. 2020

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Background. Chronic illnesses have a negative impact on the quality of sleep; however, patients with chronic illness do not bring sleep issues while they are coming to a health institution for a follow-up. As a result, poor sleep quality among patients with chronic illness is often unrecognized and untreated, and it results to a negative impact on the prognosis of chronic illness. Methods. An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was employed from February 22, 2018, to April 6, 2018. The total sample size was 396. The study employed a stratified random sampling technique, and study participants were selected by systematic sampling. The data were collected by a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire which is a validated and standardized tool. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 25; text, tables, and figures were utilized for data presentation. By considering a 95% confidence level and P value of 0.05, binary logistic regression and Kruskal-Wallis test were enrolled. Results. The prevalence of poor sleep quality among diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure patients was 36.5%. The odds of being a poor sleeper are increased when age increased. Patients who have poor perception towards the prognosis of their illness were four times more likely to be a poor sleeper compared to patients with good perception (AOR=4.21, 95%CI=1.94‐9.13, P=0.001). Patients who have anxiety were four times more likely to be a poor sleeper compared with patients without anxiety (AOR=3.69, 95%CI=2.19‐6.20, P=0.001). The educational level and residence were other factors associated with sleep quality. There was a statistically significant difference of sleep quality between patients with diabetes and hypertension, and diabetes and heart failure (F 2,384=10.92, P=0.004). Conclusion and Recommendations. In this study, over one-third of patients had poor sleep quality. Age, educational level, residence, perception towards prognosis of illness, and anxiety were factors associated with sleep quality. All health care providers should assess and provide advice about sleep hygiene and influencing factors. Assessment of sleep quality for every diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure patients in every visit should be incorporated in the care package.

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Anxiety and associated factors among prisoners in North West of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

Prevalence and associated factors of mental disorders among prisoners in Mbarara municipality, southwestern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

Prevalence and associated factors of mental disorders among prisoners in Mbarara municipality, southwestern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

Mental health of people detained within the justice system in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis

Sleep Quality and Associated Factors among Diabetes, Hypertension, and Heart Failure Patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

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