Anxiety and Depression in Early Gestation and the Association with Subsequent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Disadvantaged Population

Abstract

Objectives Evaluate the association between poor mental health and risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a cohort of women from a socioeconomically disadvantaged community. Methods A total of 1363 nulliparous women with singleton pregnancies recruited to the Screening Tests to Predict Poor Outcomes of Pregnancy study in Adelaide, Australia. Women were assessed for mental health in the first trimester, including likelihood of depression, high functioning anxiety, perceived stress and risk of developing a mental health disorder. GDM was diagnosed based on the International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) criteria. Socioeconomic status was measured using the New Zealand Socioeconomic Index (NZSEI). Results Complete mental health data was available for 1281 participants. There was no statistically significant difference in SEI, depression, risk of mental health issues, high functioning anxiety and perceived stress between women who developed GDM and those who did not. There was no difference in history of depression nor risk of developing a high mental health disorder in first trimester after adjusting for SEI, BMI in first trimester, smoking status in first trimester and maternal age between women with a GDM pregnancy and those who did not. Conclusions for Practice There was no difference in markers of poor mental health in early pregnancy between women who subsequently did or did not develop GDM. Cohort participants were socioeconomically disadvantaged, potentially contributing to the lack of apparent differences in depression observed between groups. Socioeconomically disadvantaged women should be targeted in pre-conception planning to reduce risk of GDM.

Association between sleep duration during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Inclusion criteria: Studies were included in this Meta-analysis if they met the following criteria: (1) participants were pregnant women with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus before pregnancy; (2) observational or experimental studies investigating the relationship between gestational sleep duration and GDM in pregnant women; (3) clinically diagnosed GDM was used as an outcome; (4) The study was designed as a cohort study, a cross-sectional study, and a case-control study, with GDM risk as the primary observation indicator, and was expressed as an adjusted odds ratio (OR); (5) to report the duration of sleep during pregnancy; (6) Published articles in Chinese and English.…”

“…(2) year of publication; (3) type of study; (4) country (study site); (5) 2). If the adjusted OR had different adjustment levels, the level with the most considerable adjustment was selected.…”

“…40-33.60% in China (1) and 6.07-20.40% worldwide (2,3). Numerous factors, including advanced maternal age, obesity, and a family history of diabetes mellitus, increase the chance of developing GDM (4,5).…”