Anxiety and depression in incident stroke survivors and their carers in rural Tanzania: A case-control follow-up study over five years

Jones, Michael; Howitt, Suzanne C.; Jusabani, Ahmed; Gray, William K.; Aris, Eric; Mugusi, Ferdinand; Swai, Mark; Walker, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.npbr.2012.01.003

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“… 11 , 12 , 34 However, higher prevalence rates have been reported in other African studies. 35 , 36 Plausible reasons for the discrepancies between our work and other cited studies could be methodological. For instance, some of the studies with higher prevalence rates 35 , 36 assessed depression using screening rating scales rather than the structured interviews used in this study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Post-stroke depression: Prevalence, associated factors and impact on quality of life among outpatients in a Nigerian hospital

et al. 2018

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ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of post-stroke depression (PSD), its associated factors and impact on quality of life (QoL) among outpatients in a Nigerian hospital.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out among 140 adults made up of 70 stroke survivors and matched controls with stable hypertension. Participants were administered questionnaires to profile their socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Subsequently, they were assessed with the modified mini-mental state examination (MMSE), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), schedule for clinical assessment in neuropsychiatry (SCAN) and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQoL-BREF).ResultsThe mean ages (± s.d.) of stroke survivors and controls were 57.43 (± 9.67) years and 57.33 (± 9.33) years, respectively. Majority of stroke survivors (n = 55 [78.6%]) had infarctive stroke, and 37 (52.9%) had right hemispheric lesion. Sixteen (22.9%) stroke survivors had PSD, with moderate to severe depression (F32.1) being the most prevalent, while none of the controls was clinically depressed. PSD correlated positively with monthly health bill above 10 000 naira ($61), significant post-stroke disability and poorer scores on all QoL domains (p < 0.05).ConclusionDepression was 20-fold prevalent in stroke survivors compared to controls with stable hypertension, and sevenfold the life-time prevalence reported among adult general population in Nigeria. Furthermore, increased health care bills per month, significant post-stroke disability and poorer QoL indicated survivors more likely to have depression. Findings in this study support the need to pay closer attention to psychosocial needs of stroke survivors to improve well-being. Future longitudinal study on psychosocial burden of stroke is warranted.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Post-stroke depression: Prevalence, associated factors and impact on quality of life among outpatients in a Nigerian hospital

et al. 2018

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“…The association between memory problems, rated by either carer or survivor, and the BOA and HADS‐A scores in carers and survivors echoes the finding of Jones et al . (). This suggests that either memory problems engender anxiety, or alternatively, that more anxious carers and survivors report more memory problems than less anxious individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Behavioural Outcomes of Anxiety scale (BOA): A preliminary validation in stroke survivors

Linley-Adams

Morris

Kneebone

2014

British J Clinic Psychol

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“…However, we identified one previous community-based study of 51 self-reported stroke survivors 20 in rural Tanzania who were assessed for anxiety between 6 months and 6 years post-stroke. That study 20 reported an unusually low prevalence of 5.9% for clinically significant PSA. Our results are more reflective of the pattern reported in studies from other parts of the world where methodologies similar to those of the present investigation have been used.…”

Section: | Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and predictors of anxiety in an African sample of recent stroke survivors

et al. 2017

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Objectives Studies considering emotional disturbances in the setting of stroke have primarily focused on depression and been conducted in high-income countries. Anxiety in stroke survivors, which may be associated with its own unique sets of risk factors and clinical parameters, has been rarely investigated in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We assess the characteristics of anxiety and anxiety-depression comorbidity in a SSA sample of recent stroke survivors. Materials and methods We assessed baseline data being collected as part of an intervention to improve one-year blood pressure control among recent (≤1 month) stroke survivors in SSA. Anxiety in this patient population was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), while the community screening instrument for dementia was used to evaluate cognitive functioning. Independent associations were assessed using logistic regression analysis. Results Among 391 participants, clinically significant anxiety (HADS anxiety score≥11) was found in 77 (19.7%). Anxiety was comorbid with depression in 55 (14.1%). Female stroke survivors were more likely than males to have anxiety (OR=2.4, 95% CI=1.5–4.0). Anxiety was significantly associated with the presence of cognitive impairment after adjusting for age, gender and education (OR=6.8, 95% CI=2.6–18.0). Conclusions One in five recent stroke survivors in SSA has clinically significant anxiety, and well over 70% of those with anxiety also have depression. Future studies will need to determine what specific impact post-stroke anxiety may have on post-stroke clinical processes and outcomes.

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Anxiety and depression in incident stroke survivors and their carers in rural Tanzania: A case-control follow-up study over five years

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Post-stroke depression: Prevalence, associated factors and impact on quality of life among outpatients in a Nigerian hospital

Post-stroke depression: Prevalence, associated factors and impact on quality of life among outpatients in a Nigerian hospital

The Behavioural Outcomes of Anxiety scale (BOA): A preliminary validation in stroke survivors

Prevalence and predictors of anxiety in an African sample of recent stroke survivors

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