Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire--Arousal Anxiety

We propose a model of basic self‐regulatory mechanisms that integrates descriptive‐structural and dynamic‐explanatory approaches to personality. Using a structural way of thinking and based on a structural model of personality (the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits), we deduced two orthogonal (distinct) but interactive mechanisms: (a) Impulse Control responsible for controlling automatically activated impulses, urges, and affective reactions and (b) Self‐Motivation responsible for regulating intentions in goal‐oriented behaviors. Their operation depends on both situational and dispositional factors and optimal functioning of both mechanisms is needed for effective regulation of behavior. People can also be characterized by relatively stable levels of Impulse Control and Self‐Motivation as dispositions, which depend on temperamental predispositions but can develop incoherently with them due to the impact of environmental factors. Combinations of Impulse Control and Self‐Motivation as dispositions result in personality types, which differ in their adaptiveness. Importantly, Impulse Control and Self‐Motivation mechanisms reveal substantial similarities to other self‐regulatory constructs described in the literature, particularly those included in Block and Block's as well as Kuhl's theories. The contribution of our paper may serve as an example of how to apply the descriptive‐structural approach to develop a dynamic‐explanatory model of personality.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How many and what mechanisms are needed to explain self‐regulatory functions in personality dynamics: Toward a model based on the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits

Skimina

Strus

Cieciuch

et al. 2022

“…Structural components can also be considered as having regulatory potentials and their inner dynamics (Fajkowska, 2013). In two theoretical articles in this section, dynamics and regulatory potentials of complex structural elements of personality, that is, personality coherence (Fajkowska, 2023) and metatraits (Rogers et al, 2023), are analyzed concerning behavioral consistency and developmental outcomes, respectively.…”

Section: Potentials Of Structural Personality Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The (in)congruence among structures and functions of "personality (in)coherence" and "behavioral (in)consistency" might be materialized in logically obvious interdependences: "behavioral consistency-personality coherence" and "behavioral inconsistency-personality incoherence." The article also provides a theoretical explanation for counterintuitive patterns, such as "personality coherence-behavioral inconsistency" (see Fajkowska, 2013). This approach is a promising avenue for potential empirical research to explore to what extent personality (in)coherence, a relatively permanent personality structure, is associated with the relative (in)consistency of the behaviors through which it is expressed.…”

Section: Potentials Of Structural Personality Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, personality psychology has now been transformed into a more explanatory science, with some personality theories emphasizing personality dynamics (see Kuper et al, 2021 andRauthmann, 2021, for overviews). Research on dynamics is critical in this respect as it demonstrates that processes, mechanisms, structures, and contexts must be considered jointly when explaining the organization and functioning of personality (Corr, 2010;Fajkowska, 2013). Indeed, numerous studies grounded in a range of advanced methods (e.g., dynamic modeling of time-series, longitudinal personality data, or systems-theoretical models of dynamic processes) supports the validity of integrating these variables when developing theories and models of personality dynamics (Quirin et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, it might be explored from the levels of regulation, dimensions of regulation, or passage of time. Moreover, regulatory potentials might be assigned to different components of personality (see Fajkowska, 2013;Strelau, 2008), having their internal dynamics. This special issue of the Journal of Personality was designed to advance the field of personality dynamics in this respect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Personality dynamics: Regulatory mechanisms and processes

Fajkowska

Quirin

Rauthmann

2023

Self Cite

Personality dynamics have recently revived interest as a subject of systematic investigation in personality science. Personality dynamics theories and research refer to nonstatic phenomena related to personality, such as the regulatory mechanisms and processes involved in the control of behavior and experience related to personality and their interactions with situations. Such research is not only important to understand personality but also important to explain the large amount of variability in behavior and experience in an individual that can hardly be explained by a few personality traits. This introduction to a special issue of the Journal of Personality outlines the contributions of 11 articles tackling four emerging trends in the field: (1) personality dynamics and levels of regulation; (2) personality dynamics and the motivational dimension of regulation; (3) dynamics and regulatory potentials of structural personality components; and (4) personality dynamics and timescales. Moreover, we add recommendations for future exploration. Together, we believe that our special issue advances personality science in conceptualizing and examining personality dynamics as well as drawing attention to unanswered issues.

Personality coherence as a personality dynamics‐related concept

Fajkowska

2022

Extant theoretical models of personality coherence/incoherence do not sufficiently address the challenge of explaining personality coherence dynamics and the role of psychological mechanisms, including temperament and attention.To overcome these limitations, the Complex-System Approach to Personality (C-SAP) postulates that personality coherence is a within-person structure that arises from the functional consistency/inconsistency between personality traits/ types, underlain by specific attentional and temperament mechanisms that have integrative and regulatory potential. The dominant (reactive, regulative) function of stimulation processing in temperament types is the foundation for assessing personality coherence. This paper presents a revised, fine-grained model of personality coherence-originally arising from the C-SAP-that is enriched by a focus on personality coherence dynamics in relation to behavioral consistency.The methodological principles necessary for studying personality coherence dynamics are outlined in detail. This paper also addresses: (a) research methods for relating personality coherence/incoherence to behavioral consistency/inconsistency, and (b) situational contexts that are important to these personality dynamics. In addition, personality coherence dynamics in relation to the self and character and the impact of the C-SAP assumption that behaviors are more stable than traits/types on the relation between personality coherence and behavioral consistency are discussed.