2023
DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033045
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Anxiety and fear of COVID-19 in the UK general population: A cross-sectional study

Abstract: There is still a generalized feeling of uncertainty in the population due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as restrictions on daily routines and social contact, accompanied by a large number of infections, negatively affect different areas of people's lives and, therefore, their mental health. The aim of the present study was to assess the presence of anxiety and fear of COVID-19 in the general UK population, using the Anxiety and Fear to COVID-19 Assessment Scale (Ansiedad y Miedo al COVID… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…More specifically, the findings show that pregnant women show an intermediate level of fear and anxiety, in agreement with research carried out two years earlier, such as that by Allande-Cussó et al, 54 which assessed levels of fear and anxiety in the general population in Spain at the start of the pandemic, showing a psychological impact considered moderate. However, the work by Morgado-Toscano et al 45 in the UK general population showed lower levels of psychological impact during the months of April to June 2021 in relation to both the studies by Allande-Cussó et al 35 and the findings of the present study.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 52%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…More specifically, the findings show that pregnant women show an intermediate level of fear and anxiety, in agreement with research carried out two years earlier, such as that by Allande-Cussó et al, 54 which assessed levels of fear and anxiety in the general population in Spain at the start of the pandemic, showing a psychological impact considered moderate. However, the work by Morgado-Toscano et al 45 in the UK general population showed lower levels of psychological impact during the months of April to June 2021 in relation to both the studies by Allande-Cussó et al 35 and the findings of the present study.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 52%
“…The AMICO scale has been validated in different population groups: the elderly, 42 nurses, 43 the general adult population, 44 or the general adult population in United Kingdom. 45 In this context, the scale for assessing fear and anxiety of COVID-19 in pregnant women (AMICO_Pregnant) was designed and validated in a previous study based on the Spanish version of the AMICO scale. The adaptation of AMICO to the population of pregnant women was carried out using the Delphi technique by a panel of 10 experts with an academic level of Doctor or Official Master's Degree and whose areas of knowledge were obstetrics, public health, or psychology; one of the experts was also pregnant at 28 weeks of gestation.…”
Section: Instrumentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this sense, this study provides the McDonald’s Omega coefficient (0.94) as an added reliability data, which is optimal and provides greater robustness to the reliability study of the AMICO_Pregnant instrument. Along these lines, both the study by Velez-Moron et al ( 53 ) in the validation of the AMICO scale in the older adult population and the one by Morgado-Toscano et al ( 56 ) in validating AMICO in the United Kingdom general population showed similar or slightly lower values for both Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients (0.94 and 0.96, respectively) and McDonald’s Omega coefficients (0.91 and 0.92, respectively), and very similar to the results reported by Gomez-Salgado et al ( 48 ) in the general Spanish population, which showed a Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient value of 0.92. The McDonald’s Omega coefficient was not calculated in the research by Gomez-Salgado et al ( 51 ), despite the modifications made to the wording during the design phase of the scale.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…The reliability study gave a total Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.92 for factor 1 (Anxiety) and 0.90 for factor 2 (Fear). The AMICO scale has been validated with different population groups: theolder adult ( 53 ), nurses ( 54 ), adult general population ( 55 ), or the adult general population in United Kingdom ( 56 ). Eventually, the research team behind the design of the AMICO Scale established the following cut-off points: low level of fear and anxiety with a score from 0 to 4.31 points; intermediate level, from 4.32 to 6.4 points; and high level, with a score above 6.4 points ( 51 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%