Anxiety and somatization: prevalence and correlates of mental health in older people (60+ years) in Botswana

Mhaka-Mutepfa, Magen; Motsamai, Tiro Bright; Wright, Tshegofatso Caroline; Tapera, Roy; Kenosi, Lorato

doi:10.1080/13607863.2020.1822289

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Table 1 presents the personal background of the participants (adapted from Mhaka-Mutepfa et al, 2020 ). The total sample was 378, of which 72.1% were females while 27.9% were males.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method section was described in detail in a previous paper ( Mhaka-Mutepfa et al, 2020 ). A cross-sectional design that used district stratification was adopted to collect data among older people aged 60+ years ( N = 378; age: M = 71.8, SD = 9.1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GAD-7 also has an additional item that taps on social impairment based on the participant’s response to any of the seven items. The remainder of the scales were described in detail in a previous paper on anxiety and somatization [e.g., WHOQOL-BREF, resilience scale, and others (see Mhaka-Mutepfa et al, 2020 )].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The collaborators revealed that depression contributes significantly to the overall global burden of disease and/or is also a primary source of disability globally. Depression was highly correlated to social impairment ( Mhaka-Mutepfa et al, 2020 ); thus, the affected individual may suffer immensely by becoming dysfunctional at all levels (e.g., at work, at school, and in the family), particularly in old age. The impact may be higher in older people because they will be grappling with aging issues, for instance, dementias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there are known, effective treatments for mental disorders, 76–85% of people in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are reported to receive no treatment for mental disorders despite the availability of recognized, effective treatments ( Mhaka-Mutepfa et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2007 ). Obstacles to effective care include erroneous assessment, insufficient resources (including trained healthcare providers), and social stigma associated with mental disorders ( GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Depression: Determinants That Influence the Mental Health of Older People (60 Years +) in Botswana

Motsamai

Mhaka-Mutepfa

2022

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Correlates of depression in older people were explored in this study. The prevalence of depression was also calculated. Data were collected using a cross-sectional study stratified by district in urban and rural Botswana using the Patient Health Questionnaire. A snowballing technique was utilized to recruit older participants ( N = 378; age = 71.8; SD = 9.1) with low to high incomes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate the associations among demographics, individual, social, and environmental factors, and depression. The prevalence of depression and social impairment in older people was 7.8% and 20.6%. The correlates significantly associated with depression in Model 2 were education, income earned, resilience, and self-esteem (F (6, 358) = 19.5, p < .001; R2 = 23%) after adjusting for all influencing factors. Self-perceived health was associated with depression in Model 3 [F (11,340) = 12.5, p < .001; R2 = 28%]. In the final model, resilience, quality of life (QOL), and leisure were significantly associated with depression ( p < .001), followed by anxiety, somatic symptoms, and social impairment ( p < .05) [F (20,214) = 9.2, p < .001; R2 = 46%]. Findings provide preliminary information on the determinants of depression for further review by the research community. Stakeholders should also take cognizance of these correlates during their practice to curb depression in older people.

show abstract

“…Table 1 presents the personal background of the participants (adapted from Mhaka-Mutepfa et al, 2020 ). The total sample was 378, of which 72.1% were females while 27.9% were males.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Depression: Determinants That Influence the Mental Health of Older People (60 Years +) in Botswana

Motsamai

Mhaka-Mutepfa

2022

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Measurement Properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire–15 and Somatic Symptom Scale–8

Hybelius,

Kosic,

Salomonsson

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ImportanceThe subjective experience of somatic symptoms is a key concern throughout the health care system. Valid and clinically useful instruments are needed.ObjectiveTo evaluate the measurement properties of 2 widespread patient-reported outcomes: the Patient Health Questionnaire–15 (PHQ-15) and Somatic Symptom Scale–8 (SSS-8).Data SourcesMedline, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were last searched February 1, 2024.Study SelectionEnglish-language studies reporting estimates pertaining to factor analysis, taxometric analysis, internal consistency, construct validity, mean scores in relevant groups, cutoffs, areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs), minimal clinically important difference, test-retest reliability, or sensitivity to change.Data Extraction and SynthesisSearch hits were reviewed by independent raters. Cronbach α, Pearson r, means, and between-group effect sizes indicative of sensitivity to change were pooled in random-effects meta-analysis. Study quality was assessed using 3 instruments. Reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 reporting guideline.Main Outcomes and MeasuresComprehensive overview of evidence pertaining to the measurement properties of the PHQ-15 and SSS-8.ResultsA total of 305 studies with 361 243 participants were included. Most concerned routine care (178 studies) and the general population (27 studies). In factor analyses, both scales reflected a combination of domain-specific factors (cardiopulmonary, fatigue, gastrointestinal, pain) and a general symptom burden factor. The pooled PHQ-15 α was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.80-0.82), but with low item-total correlations for items concerning menstrual problems, fainting spells, and sexual problems (item-total correlations &lt;0.40), and the SSS-8 α was 0.80 (0.77-0.83). Pooled correlations with other measures of somatic symptom burden were 0.71 (95% CI, 0.64-0.78) for the PHQ-15 and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.72-0.92) for the SSS-8. Reported AUROCs for identification of somatoform disorders ranged from 0.63 (95% CI, 0.50-0.76) to 0.79 (95% CI, 0.73-0.85) for the PHQ-15 and from 0.71 (95% CI, 0.66-0.77) to 0.73 (95% CI, 0.69-0.76) for the SSS-8. The minimal clinically important difference on both scales was 3 points. Test-retest reliability could not be pooled and was inconsistent for the PHQ-15 (PHQ-15: r = 0.65-0.93; ICC, 0.87; SSS-8: r = 0.996, ICC = 0.89). The PHQ-15 showed tentative sensitivity to change (g = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.08-0.56), but data for the SSS-8 were lacking.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, findings supported use of the PHQ-15 and SSS-8 for the assessment of symptom burden, but users should be aware of the complex, multifactorial structures of these scales. More evidence is needed concerning longitudinal measurement properties.

show abstract

Multidimensional evaluation of healthy life expectancy indicators based on mental health among the rural older population: A large-scale cross-sectional study

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2022

Journal of Affective Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anxiety and somatization: prevalence and correlates of mental health in older people (60+ years) in Botswana

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Depression: Determinants That Influence the Mental Health of Older People (60 Years +) in Botswana

Depression: Determinants That Influence the Mental Health of Older People (60 Years +) in Botswana

Measurement Properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire–15 and Somatic Symptom Scale–8

Multidimensional evaluation of healthy life expectancy indicators based on mental health among the rural older population: A large-scale cross-sectional study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About