Anxiety, depression and post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms in adolescents during the COVID‐19 outbreak and associated factors

Selçuk, Engin Burak; Demir, Arzu Çalışkan; Erbay, Lale Gönenir; Özcan, Özlem; Gürer, Hüseyin; Dönmez, Yunus Emre

doi:10.1111/ijcp.14880

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…Hou et al (2020) studied the prevalence of PTS in adolescents and children in China in the aftermath of COVID-19 and found a prevalence rate of 85.5%, while Zhang et al (2020) found a prevalence of 10.6% in a similar population. Selçuk et al (2021) has reported the prevalence rate of 28.5% of PTS in Turkey. The estimates provided by recent reviews are 48.0% (Ma et al, 2021) and 7-53.8% (Xiong et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-traumatic Stress and Growth Among the Children and Adolescents in the Aftermath of COVID-19

2022

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has enkindled many mental health problems across the globe. Prominent among them is the prevalence of post-traumatic stress (PTS) with hosts of its precipitating factors being present in the surrounding. With India witnessing severe impact of the second wave of COVID-19, marked by a large number of hospitalizations, deaths, unemployment, imposition of lockdowns, etc., its repercussions on children and adolescents demand particular attention. This study aims to examine the direct and the indirect exposure of COVID-19-related experiences on children and adolescents and its subsequent relationship with PTS and post-traumatic growth (PTG). The direct exposure was operationalized in terms of death or hospitalization in the family, while the indirect exposure was gauged in terms of exposure to media reports of the COVID situation. Data from 412 children and adolescents aged 9–20 years, collected online, revealed 68.9% of them with PTS. Interestingly, 39.8% of those reporting PTS were also experiencing PTG. Arousal appeared to be the most frequently reported characteristics of trauma. The multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) endorses significant difference between those with direct and indirect exposures to hospitalization. Those with direct exposure to hospitalization reported higher PTS. The indirect exposure of COVID-19-related news through electronic media was also significantly associated with higher PTS. Exposure through print media did not lead to significant difference in PTS, but those reading only magazines reported significantly higher PTG than not reading magazines. The findings are analyzed in the light of unfolding of events during the second wave of COVID-19 in India.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 11.5% of participants met the clinical criteria. Selçuk et al (2021) examined 447 adolescents during the COVID-19 outbreak on the moderate prevalence level of 28.5% of PTS in Turkey. This necessitates research focusing on children and adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-traumatic Stress and Growth Among the Children and Adolescents in the Aftermath of COVID-19

2022

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“…In this present study, groups were allocated according to participants’ scores on the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) [ 31 ] (young adults) and CDI [ 30 ] (adolescents). A growing body of literature supports the use of cut-off scores for these two instruments [ 32 – 34 ], and a considerable amount of literature has been conducted using depression as a categorical variable based on these exact BDI/CDI scores [ 35 , 36 ]. This also resulted in slightly different sample sizes/grouping relative to the Wante et al [ 19 ] study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing emotional working memory in adolescents and young adults with and without depressive symptoms: developmental and psychopathological differences

et al. 2022

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Depressive symptoms are associated with working memory impairments. Yet, comparative studies examining working memory across the developmental spectrum in depressed and non depressed cohorts are lacking. This study examined emotional working memory in 74 adolescents (mean age = 14; 21 with depressive symptoms) and 92 adults (mean age = 22; 36 with depressive symptoms). Participants completed two versions of an emotional face n-back task, and either paid attention to the valence of the emotion or the gender. Both tasks were completed at low load (0-back) and high load (2-back). In the high load condition, healthy adolescents showed a bias towards positive faces, both speeding up reaction times (RTs) when emotion was task relevant but slowing RTs when they were task irrelevant. This interaction was neither significant in adolescents with depressive symptoms nor in young adults. Depressive symptoms did not influence RTs in low load. The results indicate that adolescents with depressive symptoms might lack the bias towards positive affective material at high load WM task present in healthy adolescents.

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“…During the COVID-19 pandemic, a systematic review estimated that PTSD affects 48.0% of this population [ 4 ]. Some settings in this context have shown high rates of PTSD, such as Turkey (61.1%) [ 5 ] and Saudi Arabia (71.5%) [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Family Dysfunction and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in School Students during the Second COVID-19 Epidemic Wave in Peru

Fernandez-Canani

Burga-Cachay

Valladares-Garrido

2022

IJERPH

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Although the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents’ mental health has been studied, there is still scarce evidence of the influence of nuclear family on the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to determine the association between family dysfunction and PTSD in Peruvian high-school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a virtual survey administered to 562 high-school students in three schools in Chiclayo, Peru. The dependent variable was PTSD, which was measured with the Child PTSD Symptom Scale. Family dysfunction was the main independent variable, measured with the Family APGAR Questionnaire. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated with generalized linear models. Most of the students were female (88.3%) and the average age was 14.4 years. We found that 21.4% showed severe family dysfunction and 60.3% had PTSD. Students with mild and moderate family dysfunction had 37% (PR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.14–1.65) and 26% (PR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.04–1.54) higher PTSD prevalence, respectively. In conclusion, family dysfunction may influence the development of PTSD in adolescents. This study suggests the importance to develop a healthy family environment to help adolescents face critical situations experienced during the pandemic.

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Anxiety, depression and post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms in adolescents during the COVID‐19 outbreak and associated factors

Cited by 26 publications

References 39 publications

Post-traumatic Stress and Growth Among the Children and Adolescents in the Aftermath of COVID-19

Post-traumatic Stress and Growth Among the Children and Adolescents in the Aftermath of COVID-19

Comparing emotional working memory in adolescents and young adults with and without depressive symptoms: developmental and psychopathological differences

Association between Family Dysfunction and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in School Students during the Second COVID-19 Epidemic Wave in Peru

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