Anxiety Symptoms and Coping Motives: Examining a Potential Path to Substance Use-Related Problems in Adolescents With Psychopathic Traits

Gillen, Christopher T. A.; Barry, Christopher T.; Bater, Lovina R.

doi:10.1080/10826084.2016.1201510

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…When confronted with new stressors, people with limited coping strategies have a higher probability of using drugs than those with a wider coping repertory, because the former tend to use psychoactive drugs in order to cope with negative emotions and stress [9]. Among people who use drugs, a very high percentage use the substance itself as self-medication to confront daily stressful situations [10]. In general, this avoidance coping pattern is a strategy positively associated with drug use [11,12], whereas engaging in adaptive coping is related to a decrease in substance abuse, improving SUD treatment effects [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping Strategies in Male Patients under Treatment for Substance Use Disorders and/or Severe Mental Illness: Influence in Clinical Course at One-Year Follow-Up

Marquez-Arrico

Río-Martínez

Navarro

et al. 2019

JCM

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Coping strategies have an impact on substance use disorders (SUD), relapses, and clinical variables, but knowledge on this area is scarce. We explored the coping strategies used during treatment in patients with dual diagnosis (DD), SUD, and severe mental illness (SMI), and the relation with clinical course and relapses at one-year follow-up. A sample of 223 patients was divided into three groups depending on diagnosis: DD (N = 80; SUD with comorbid schizophrenia or major depressive disorder), SUD only (N = 80), and SMI only (N = 63; schizophrenia or major depressive disorder). MANCOVA analyses reflected differences in self-criticism and problem avoidance, with a higher use of these in the DD and SUD groups. The coping strategies used differed depending on the presence/absence of a SUD, but not depending on psychiatric diagnosis. At one-year follow-up, social support was the only strategy that predicted the presence of relapses in DD patients with schizophrenia (positively), and in SMI patients with major depressive disorder (negatively). Thus, social support was associated with relapses, but the relationship was different depending on psychiatric diagnosis. Further studies should analyze the implications of social support as a coping strategy in different mental disorders, as well as its usefulness in individualized interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping Strategies in Male Patients under Treatment for Substance Use Disorders and/or Severe Mental Illness: Influence in Clinical Course at One-Year Follow-Up

Marquez-Arrico

Río-Martínez

Navarro

et al. 2019

JCM

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“…For example, the dual deficit model of psychopathy proposes that while both primary and secondary psychopathy variants exhibit impulsivity, the secondary variant is specifically characterized by impulsivity and difficulties controlling behavioral responses, which arise from deficits in executive functioning, attentional focuses, and planning and serve to increase risk for substance abuse (Fowles & Dindo, 2006; Ray, Poythress, Weir, & Rickelm, 2009; Ray, Thornton, Frick, Steinberg, & Cauffman, 2016). Secondary psychopathy variants have also been hypothesized to engage in more substance use as a method of coping with greater trauma and anxiety (Gillen, Barry, & Bater, 2016; Khantzian, 2003; Kimonis, Frick, et al, 2012; Kimonis, Tatar, et al, 2012). In support of this hypothesis, longitudinal research in mid-adolescence has found that negative emotionality and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder are related to increased risk for alcohol use and alcohol use disorder symptoms in late adolescence and early adulthood (Mason, Hitch, & Spoth, 2009; Wolitzky-Taylor, Bobova, Zinbarg, Mineka, & Craske, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Trajectories of alcohol and marijuana use among primary versus secondary psychopathy variants within an adjudicated adolescent male sample.

Waller¹,

Hicks²

2019

Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment

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The distinction between low-anxious primary versus high-anxious secondary psychopathy is well-established among incarcerated adults and adolescents. However, no studies have used a prospective longitudinal approach to explore whether primary versus secondary psychopathy variants have different rates of alcohol and marijuana use across adolescence, and what mechanisms account for these differences. The sample was 1,170 male adolescents who had interacted with the justice system, with data collected as part of the Pathways to Desistance project. We used interviewer assessments of psychopathy and self-reported anxiety at baseline to identify primary and secondary psychopathy subgroups. We explored subgroup differences via self-reported measures of psychopathic traits and anxiety, aggression, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms at baseline and a 6-month follow-up. Finally, we tested whether groups had different trajectories of alcohol and marijuana use over 4 years, and whether poor impulse control or anxiety mediated these differences. Latent profile analysis identified four groups: low-anxious primary psychopathy, high-anxious secondary psychopathy, anxious only, and low risk. The secondary group had similar levels of aggression and psychopathy to the primary group, but more depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. The primary and secondary psychopathy variants did not differ in rates of alcohol or marijuana use across adolescence, but alcohol use among secondary variants was specifically mediated via poor impulse control. The findings establish two psychopathy groups that differ meaningfully in their internalizing psychopathology and pathways to alcohol use. (PsycINFO Database Record

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“…None of the 17 studies identified significant associations between anxiety and cannabis use. Specifically, anxiety and social anxiety were not significantly associated with use [68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78], use frequency [79][80][81], problems [69,74,82], or coping motives [69,83]. Unclear findings also occurred, such as an association appearing in one model of a study, but losing significance as additional variables were added to later models [84].…”

Section: Primary Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 95%

A Scoping Review of Associations Between Cannabis Use and Anxiety in Adolescents and Young Adults

Stiles‐Shields

Archer

Zhang

et al. 2021

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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Cannabis and anxiety are both rising issues that impact young people. This review seeks to explore the association between anxiety and cannabis in adolescents and young adults (AYA). A database search was run retrospectively from July 2020 through calendar year 2013. Articles had to present outcomes examining cannabis use and symptoms of anxiety, be written in English, contain samples with ≥ 50% who are age 25 or younger, and be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Forty-seven studies were identified that examined the relationship between anxiety and cannabis use. Twenty-three studies found a positive association that greater anxiety among AYA was associated with greater cannabis use. In contrast, seven studies found a negative association that greater anxiety was related to less cannabis use. And finally, 17 studies found no clear association between anxiety and cannabis use. Further research is needed to better understand the relationship between anxiety and cannabis use.

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Anxiety Symptoms and Coping Motives: Examining a Potential Path to Substance Use-Related Problems in Adolescents With Psychopathic Traits

Abstract: Findings suggest that youth expressing impulsive-irresponsible psychopathic traits may engage in problematic substance use at least partly as a function of heightened anxiety and a subsequent desire to alleviate distress by using alcohol or marijuana to cope.

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Coping Strategies in Male Patients under Treatment for Substance Use Disorders and/or Severe Mental Illness: Influence in Clinical Course at One-Year Follow-Up

Coping Strategies in Male Patients under Treatment for Substance Use Disorders and/or Severe Mental Illness: Influence in Clinical Course at One-Year Follow-Up

Trajectories of alcohol and marijuana use among primary versus secondary psychopathy variants within an adjudicated adolescent male sample.

A Scoping Review of Associations Between Cannabis Use and Anxiety in Adolescents and Young Adults

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