Anxious and avoidant attachment styles and indicators of recovery in schizophrenia: Associations with self‐esteem and hope

Ringer, Jamie M.; Buchanan, Erin E.; Olesek, Kyle; Lysaker, Paul H.

doi:10.1111/papt.12012

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The current analysis found the greatest relationship between positive symptoms and anxious attachment style, which is in contrast to previous reviews that have more commonly reported a relationship between avoidant attachment style and increased symptom severity within psychosis populations (Berry et al, 2007b;. However, anxious attachment style has been linked to low self-esteem and a negative self-image in psychosis (Ringer, Buchanan, Olesek & Lysaker, 2014) Berry et al, 2007b) known to contribute to the positive symptoms of psychosis through the misappraisal of anomalous experiences (Garety, Kuipers, Fowler, Freeman & Bebbington, 2001). Additionally, positive symptoms could develop as a result of increased anxiety and poorer affect regulation in psychosis (Gumley & Schwannauer, 2006) as research in at risk groups has found high rates of interpersonal sensitivity and stress reactivity can predict positive symptoms, such as paranoia, in non-clinical and at-risk samples (Lataster, Valmaggia, Lardinois, van Os & Myin-Germeys, 2013;Masillo et al, 2012).…”

Section: Attachment Insecurity and Positive Symptoms Of Psychosiscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Relationship between attachment style and symptom severity across the psychosis spectrum: A meta-analysis

Carr

Hardy

Fornells-Ambrojo

2018

Clinical Psychology Review

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There is growing evidence for the role of attachment in psychosis, however, to date there has been no quantitative review of the prevalence of insecure attachment in psychosis. The current study sought to systematically appraise studies investigating the prevalence of insecure attachment and the association with psychosis-spectrum experiences using meta-analytic techniques. A systematic search of studies carried out between January 1980 and 30th November 2015 found 25 papers eligible for inclusion. The meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of insecure attachment style was significantly higher in individuals with psychosis (76%) than in non-clinical samples (38%), with fearful attachment being the most prevalent. Across the continuum, there was a small but significant relationship between positive symptom severity and insecure attachment and a significant relationship between negative symptom severity and insecure attachment in the non-clinical analysis. This relationship was not found in the clinical group. The prevalence of insecure attachment appears to be high in psychosis, however, the relationship between symptom severity and attachment is small. Attachment theory may provide greater understanding of the development of positive symptoms than previously thought, however, research needs to include more at-risk samples and longitudinal research to fully understand the dynamics of this relationship.

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Section: Attachment Insecurity and Positive Symptoms Of Psychosiscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Relationship between attachment style and symptom severity across the psychosis spectrum: A meta-analysis

Carr

Hardy

Fornells-Ambrojo

2018

Clinical Psychology Review

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“…Thus, perceptions of support from friends or family may influence the recovery process differently (58). Another study found an association between interpersonal relationships, characterized by secure attachment, and participants' levels of hope and self-esteem, suggesting that secure attachments are related to recovery (62).…”

Section: Relationship With Significant Others (Friends/family)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies similarly identified peer relationships as key to supporting recovery (61,72). Many studies described connecting to others, social functioning, and social relationships as important for recovering "coherence, " reducing isolation, making meaning of experiences, and instilling hope (35,58,62,82). One study, involving a group rehabilitation program, described a sense of belonging, or security, acceptance, and connection to others that fosters a feeling that one is a part of a stigma-free community as a mechanism of recovery (64).…”

Section: Relationship With the Broader Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential Elements That Contribute to the Recovery of Persons With Severe Mental Illness: A Systematic Scoping Study

et al. 2020

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Introduction: There is an increasing emphasis on recovery-oriented care in the design and delivery of mental health services. Research has demonstrated that recovery-oriented services are understood differently depending on the stakeholders involved. Variations in interpretations of recovery lead to challenges in creating systematically organized environments that deliver a consistent recovery-oriented approach to care. The existing evidence on recovery-oriented practice is scattered and difficult to apply. Through this systematic scoping study, we aim to identify and map the essential elements that contribute to recovery outcomes for persons living with severe mental illness. Methods: We used the Arksey & O'Malley framework as our guiding approach. Seven key databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL/EBSCO, EMBASE, ProQuest, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar) were searched using index terms and keywords relating to recovery and severe mental illness. To be included, studies had to be peer-reviewed, published after 1988, had persons with severe mental illness as the focal population, and have used recovery in the context of mental health. The search was conducted in August 2018 and last updated in February 2020. Results: Out of 4,496 sources identified, sixty (n = 60) sources were included that met all of the selection criteria. Three major elements of recovery that emerged from the synthesis (n = 60) include relationships, sense of meaning, and participation. Some sources (n = 20) highlighted specific elements such as hope, resilience, self-efficacy, spirituality, social support, empowerment, race/ethnicity etc. and their association with the processes underpinning recovery. Discussion: The findings of this study enable mental health professionals to incorporate the identified key elements into strategic interventions to facilitate recovery for clients with severe mental illness, and thereby facilitate recovery-oriented practice. The review also documents important gaps in knowledge related to the elements of recovery and identifies a critical need for future studies to address this issue.

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“…Studies on patients diagnosed with psychosis have indicated that a diagnosis of psychotic disorders was associated with insecure states of mind in the adult attachment interview (AAI; Hesse, 1999 ) as compared with patients diagnosed with affective disorders ( Dozier et al, 1991 ). Insecure attachment was also related to paranoid thoughts among adolescents with early psychosis as compared with controls ( Korver-Nieberg et al, 2013 ) and with worsened indicators of recovery as compared with participants with HIV/AIDS who had no history of experiencing severe mental illness ( Ringer et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Attachment and Thought Disorder Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending the Transdiagnostic Model of Attachment and Psychopathology

2016

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Research has suggested that high levels of attachment insecurities that are formed through interactions with significant others are associated with a general vulnerability to mental disorders. In the present paper, we extend Ein-Dor and Doron’s (2015) transdiagnostic model linking attachment orientations with internalizing and externalizing symptoms, to include thought disorder spectrum symptoms. Specifically, we speculate on the processes that mediate the linkage between attachment insecurities and psychosis and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms, and indicate the different contexts that might set a trajectory of one individual to one set of symptoms while another individual to a different set of symptoms.

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Anxious and avoidant attachment styles and indicators of recovery in schizophrenia: Associations with self‐esteem and hope

Cited by 24 publications

References 64 publications

Relationship between attachment style and symptom severity across the psychosis spectrum: A meta-analysis

Relationship between attachment style and symptom severity across the psychosis spectrum: A meta-analysis

Essential Elements That Contribute to the Recovery of Persons With Severe Mental Illness: A Systematic Scoping Study

Extending the Transdiagnostic Model of Attachment and Psychopathology

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