Apathy, depression, and motor symptoms have distinct and separable resting activity patterns in idiopathic Parkinson disease

Skidmore, Frank; Yang, Mark C. K.; Baxter, Lewis R.; Deneen, Karen M. von; Collingwood, Joanna F.; He, Guojun; Tandon, Rajiv; Korenkevych, Dmytro; Savenkov, A. A.; Heilman, Kenneth M.; Gold, Mark S.; Liu, Y.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.07.012

Cited by 137 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Of the 38 studies on depression, 33 reported findings from one single imaging modality: 19 used either PET [11, 12, 13,15, 16, 17, 18, 19] or SPECT 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 techniques, four used T1‐weighted imaging 31, 32, 33, three used DTI 34, 35, 36, six used resting state functional MRI (RS‐FMRI) 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42 and two used TCS methods 43, 44. The remaining four of the 38 studies reported findings from structural T1‐weighted imaging plus another imaging method, including PET 14, DTI 45, task FMRI 46 and RS‐FMRI 47, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression, anxiety, and apathy in Parkinson's disease: insights from neuroimaging studies

Wen

Chan

Tan

et al. 2016

Euro J of Neurology

150

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Depression, anxiety and apathy are common mood disturbances in Parkinson's disease (PD) but their pathophysiology is unclear. Advanced neuroimaging has been increasingly used to unravel neural substrates linked to these disturbances. A systematic review is provided of neuroimaging findings in depression, anxiety and apathy in PD. A PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE search of peer‐reviewed original research articles on these mood disturbances in PD identified 38 studies on depression, eight on anxiety and 14 on apathy in PD. Most of the imaging studies used either position emission tomography or single‐photon emission computed tomography techniques. These studies generally suggest increased neural activity in the prefrontal regions and decreased functional connectivity between the prefrontal−limbic networks in depressed patients. Functional imaging studies revealed an inverse correlation between dopaminergic density in the caudate and putamen with the severity of anxiety in PD. There was no consistent correlation between dopaminergic density of thalamus and anxiety. Studies demonstrated both positive and inverse correlations between apathy and metabolism or activity in the striatum, amygdalar, prefrontal, temporal and parietal regions. The clinical variability of study subjects and differences in image pre‐processing and analytical strategies may contribute to discrepant findings in these studies. Both nigrostriatal and extra‐nigrostriatal pathways (in particular the frontal region and its connecting areas) are affected in mood disorders in PD. Identifying the relative contributions of these neural pathways in PD patients with overlapping motor and mood symptoms could provide new pathophysiological clues for the development of better therapeutic targets for affected patients.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression, anxiety, and apathy in Parkinson's disease: insights from neuroimaging studies

Wen

Chan

Tan

et al. 2016

Euro J of Neurology

150

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“…Conversely, higher apathy scores were correlated with decreased activity in the supplementary motor region, the parietal lobule and the fusiform gyrus. Severity of depression was correlated with increased normalized ALFF signal in the cingulate, the cuneus, the lateral geniculate and the mesial frontal gyrus [101].…”

Section: Apathymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…We found 11 imaging studies that have explored the neural bases of PD patients with and without depression using different imaging techniques [91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101] (See table 4). Among these studies, there is only one study that found no differences in brain regions between PD patients with and without depression [97] (In this study patients had mild to severe disease stages, average disease duration was 4.9 years and age at onset was 62.6).…”

Section: Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found 7 studies that have investigated the underlying mechanism of apathy in PD using a variety of imaging techniques [45,50,66,67,93,101,104] (See table 4). A PET study investigated apathy in nondemented PD patients (Average disease duration at surgery was 11.2 years) after deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus using the Apathy Evaluation Scale [105].…”

Section: Apathymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive and neuroanatomical correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review

Alzahrani

Venneri

2015

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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“…However, cognition, apathy, and depression are also associated with complex and nuanced relationships among cholinergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic systems, as well as other factors [39,[41][42][43]. Functional neuroimaging studies have found that the neural correlates of apathy can be dissociated from the neural correlates of depression in patients with PD [44,45], but a clear consensus has not been reached (for a review, see [7]). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Unique and Combined Effects of Apathy and Depression on Cognition in Parkinson’s Disease

Cohen

Aita

Mari

et al. 2015

Journal of Parkinson’s Disease

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Abstract.Background: Apathy and depression are associated with poor cognition in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the cognitive signature of each syndrome is not well understood. The cognitive consequences of having apathy or depression, versus apathy and depression, are also unclear. Objective: This study investigated the unique and combined effects of apathy and depression on cognition in PD patients. Methods: PD patients were identified from a clinical research database as having self-reported apathy (n = 21), depression (n = 11), or both (n = 43). PD patients without apathy or depression served as the Control group (n = 49). The groups were of similar age, education, disease severity, age of symptom onset, and medication status. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) compared the groups on 17 neuropsychological test scores in the domains of attention, motor and psychomotor speed, construction, language, episodic memory, and executive functioning. Results: There was a significant overall effect of group: F(18,276) = 2.12, p = 0.006, η 2 p = 0.12. Univariate analyses and planned contrasts revealed medium-sized effects distinguishing only the control group and the group with both apathy and depression (η 2 p = 0.06-0.12) on measures of verbal fluency and manual, processing, and psychomotor speed. Conclusions: PD patients with apathy alone or depression alone did not perform worse than PD controls on neuropsychological tests. Patients with apathy and depression performed worse than controls, but only on speed-based measures. This suggests that apathy and depression are associated with the same or similar circuits as those of cognitive and motor speed.

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Apathy, depression, and motor symptoms have distinct and separable resting activity patterns in idiopathic Parkinson disease

Cited by 137 publications

References 45 publications

Depression, anxiety, and apathy in Parkinson's disease: insights from neuroimaging studies

Depression, anxiety, and apathy in Parkinson's disease: insights from neuroimaging studies

Cognitive and neuroanatomical correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review

The Unique and Combined Effects of Apathy and Depression on Cognition in Parkinson’s Disease

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