Apelin protects heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat

Zeng, Xiang Jun; Zhang, Li Ke; Wang, Hongxia; Lu, Lan; Li, Quan; Tang, Chao

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2009.02.010

Cited by 155 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Moreover, Pisarenko et al showed that apelin administration before ischemia in isolated heart increases the activity of SOD, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the rat cardiac tissue (Pisarenko et al 2014). Similar to our results, Zeng et al illustrated that apelin increment the activity of SOD after inducing of hypoxia in rat cardiomyocytes (Zeng et al 2009). It appears, in hypothyroidism, apelin therapy per se or accompanied by T4, had improved effect on SOD, GPx activity and TAC content.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Comparison of therapeutic effects of L-Thyroxin, apelin and a combination of both on antioxidant enzymes in the heart of PTU-induced hypothyroid rats

Shahrivar

Badavi

Dianat

et al. 2016

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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Atherosclerosis is one of the common disorders among hypothyroidism (TAC). Therefore, this study was conducted to assess, therapeutic effects of apelin, T4 (L-Thyroxin) or both on antioxidant capacity in 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroid rats. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into five groups: C: control group; P group (hypothyroid): PTU (0.05 %) administration for six weeks; P+A, P+T and P+A+T groups: after 4 weeks of PTU administration, animals treated with Apelin (200 μg/kg/day, ip) T4 (0.02 µg/g/day, gavage) and apelin+T4; for two weeks respectively accompanied by PTU administration. Aplein administration in P+A group and P+A+T group had beneficial effect to lowering of malondialdehyde (MDA) content as compared to hypothyroid group (8.52±0.64 and 8.53±1 vs. 13.67±1.64 nmol/g tissue, P<0.05) and also had increasing effect on Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathion peroxidase (GPx) activity and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) content compared to the hypothyroid group. This study showed that apelin was able to improve the oxidant-antioxidant balance in the heart tissue of the hypothyroid rats by elevating of antioxidant enzyme activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Comparison of therapeutic effects of L-Thyroxin, apelin and a combination of both on antioxidant enzymes in the heart of PTU-induced hypothyroid rats

Shahrivar

Badavi

Dianat

et al. 2016

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…However, APJ mRNA is decreased in the weakened and enlarged heart of humans with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (Foldes et al 2003). Apelin may have a cardioprotective role in hypoxia and ischaemia, where the cardiac levels of apelin and APJ respectively are increased (Atluri et al 2007, Ronkainen et al 2007, Zeng et al 2009). Apelin may also play a protective a role in ischaemia/reperfusion injury , Zeng et al 2009), although the method of signalling appears to be independent of the characteristic myocardial kinase cascade, termed the reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway (Kleinz & Baxter 2008).…”

Section: Cardiovascular Roles Of Apelin/apjmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apelin may have a cardioprotective role in hypoxia and ischaemia, where the cardiac levels of apelin and APJ respectively are increased (Atluri et al 2007, Ronkainen et al 2007, Zeng et al 2009). Apelin may also play a protective a role in ischaemia/reperfusion injury , Zeng et al 2009), although the method of signalling appears to be independent of the characteristic myocardial kinase cascade, termed the reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway (Kleinz & Baxter 2008). Post-infarct treatment with (Pyr 1 )apelin-13 reduces infarct size and increases HR, with a long-term antioxidant cardioprotective action (Azizi et al 2013).…”

Section: Cardiovascular Roles Of Apelin/apjmentioning

confidence: 99%

The apelin receptor APJ: journey from an orphan to a multifaceted regulator of homeostasis

O’Carroll

Lolait

Harris

et al. 2013

Journal of Endocrinology

292

216

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The apelin receptor (APJ; gene symbol APLNR) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor gene family. Neural gene expression patterns of APJ, and its cognate ligand apelin, in the brain implicate the apelinergic system in the regulation of a number of physiological processes. APJ and apelin are highly expressed in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system, which regulates fluid homeostasis, in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which controls the neuroendocrine response to stress, and in the forebrain and lower brainstem regions, which are involved in cardiovascular function. Recently, apelin, synthesised and secreted by adipocytes, has been described as a beneficial adipokine related to obesity, and there is growing awareness of a potential role for apelin and APJ in glucose and energy metabolism. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the structure, expression pattern and regulation of apelin and its receptor, as well as the main second messengers and signalling proteins activated by apelin. We also highlight the physiological and pathological roles that support this system as a novel therapeutic target for pharmacological intervention in treating conditions related to altered water balance, stress-induced disorders such as anxiety and depression, and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.

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“…contracture) accompanied by reduction of systolic and developed pressures. In isolated perfused rat hearts, Zeng et al [95] observed that after 40 min of global ischemia and 30 min of reperfusion, the mechanical performance was highly ameliorated if 30 pM apelin was infused throughout the entire experimental period.…”

Section: Protection Against Ischemia-reperfusion Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of apelin on the cardiovascular system

et al. 2015

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Apelin is an endogenous peptide acting on the APJ receptor. It consists of several isoforms characterised by different numbers of aminoacids. The number of aminoacids in the active isoforms range from 36 to 12. Apelin-13 and, to a lesser extent, apelin-36 are considered the most active isoforms with the greatest activity on the cardiovascular homeostasis. The effects normally exerted by the basal level of endogenous apelin, can be enhanced not only by its up-regulation, but may also by its exogenous administration. The present review considers the effects of apelin on various aspects of the cardiovascular function, such as cardiac development, vasomotor tone, angiogenesis, myocardial inotropy in healthy and failing hearts as well as the prevention of ischemia-reperfusion injury, cardiac fibrosis and remodeling. Also the biphasic changes of apelin level during the evolution of heart failure are considered. Although the positive inotropic effect exerted by apelin in normal and failing hearts would suggest the use of this peptide in the treatment of heart failure, the limited duration and extent of its effect do not support this possibility, unless a long lasting (6 hours) infusion is performed to overcome the limit of its short life. However, although the data on the characteristics of the inotropic activity do not provide a strong support for the treatment of active heart failure, apelin may be used in the prevention of heart failure because of its activity in limiting the consequences of myocardial ischemia such as infarct size and cardiac remodeling. KeywordsApelin/APJ system, heart failure, ischemia-reperfusion injury, contractility, cardiac protection, Reninangiotensin system 2 The apelin/APJ system Apelin In 1998 Tatemoto et al. discovered the endogenous peptide capable of binding the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) APJ [1,2], which at that time was considered an orphan receptor becaue its ligand was unknown. The just discovered ligand was called, apelin e.g APj Endogenous LIgaNd. Apelin is expressed in hearts, lungs, kidneys, liver, adipose tissue, gastrointestinal tract, brain, adrenal glands, endothelium, and human plasma. The gene of apelin is located on chromosome X [3] and encodes a 77 aminoacid sequence called pre-pro-apelin [4]. Upon cleavage by a family of endopeptidases, pre-pro-apelin generates several C-terminal fragments of various size, which are classified on the basis of the number of aminoacids. The active isoforms range from 36 to 12 aminoacids. As fragments shorter than 12 aminoacids are biologically inactive, it appears evident that the Cterminal 12 aminoacids are essential for receptor binding, whereas the N-terminal sequence modulates the interaction with the receptor [5]. At present it is recognized that, although different isoforms display similar functions, active isoforms differ in tissue distribution, potency and receptor binding affinity [6]. Apelin-13 and, to a lesser extent, apelin-36 have been considered the most active isoforms with the greatest activity on the cardi...

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Apelin protects heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat

Cited by 155 publications

References 40 publications

Comparison of therapeutic effects of L-Thyroxin, apelin and a combination of both on antioxidant enzymes in the heart of PTU-induced hypothyroid rats

Comparison of therapeutic effects of L-Thyroxin, apelin and a combination of both on antioxidant enzymes in the heart of PTU-induced hypothyroid rats

The apelin receptor APJ: journey from an orphan to a multifaceted regulator of homeostasis

Effects of apelin on the cardiovascular system

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