Aphid alarm pheromone derivatives affecting settling and transmission of plant viruses

Abstract

1,4-Cycloaddition reactions between (E)-β-farnesene (the aphid alarm pheromone) and dienophiles, such as SO2 and RO·CO·C ≡ CCO·OR, gave products more stable and less volatile than the parent compound. In laboratory experiments, the numbers ofMyzus persicae (Sulz.) settling and nymphs deposited on plants were decreased by some of the reaction products. Acquisition, and thereby transmission, of the semipersistent beet yellows virus and the nonpersistent potato virus Y, was decreased.

Metabolic Engineering of Plant‐derived (E)‐β‐farnesene Synthase Genes for a Novel Type of Aphid‐resistant Genetically Modified Crop PlantsF

“…Attempts have been made to overcome this problem by the synthesis of analogs, derivatives, or exploitation of natural essential oils. Some EβF derivatives give products that are more stable and less volatile, which inhibit aphid settling and virus transmission, including the pesticide‐resistant aphids (Dawson et al 1982, 1988). However, the chemical synthesis of EβF and its derivatives is complicated and expensive, and application of these chemicals on a large scale in the field is not cost‐effective.…”

A polerovirus, Potato leafroll virus, alters plant–vector interactions using three viral proteins

“…A single leaf was placed through a hole (15 mm) on one side of a 150 mm Petri dish. On the other side of the Petri dish, a single leaf from another treatment was placed though a second hole (15 mm) at approximately 100 mm from the first leaf (Dawson et al, ; Elzinga, De Vos, & Jander, ; Powell, Hardie, & Pickett, ). Leaves remained attached to the plant throughout the experiment and insect escape was prevented by sealing holes with cotton (See Figure S1).…”

“…A single leaf was placed through a hole (15 mm) on one side of a 150 mm Petri dish. On the other side of the Petri dish, a single leaf from another treatment was placed though a second hole (15 mm) at approximately 100 mm from the first leaf (Dawson et al, 1982;Elzinga, De Vos, & Jander, 2014;Powell, Hardie, & Pickett, 1997).…”

Behaviour of alatae ofMyzus persicae(Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on chemically treated surfaces after tethered flight

“…Polygodial was obtained from Polygonum hydropiper (Gibson et al, 19826) and was applied at 0-1% in ethanol. The (£)-/8-farnesene derivatives 3-(4,8-dimethyl-3,7-nonadienyl)sulpholene (I) and l,2-bis(decyloxycarbonyl)-4-(4,8-dimethyl-3,7-nonadienyl)cyclohexa-l,4-diene (II) (Dawson et al, 1982) were painted onto leaves in aqueous emulsion containing 1:10 w/w surfactant (Ethylan BV). Deltamethrin was a dilution of the commercial formulation Decis (Hoechst).…”

“…Also, behaviour-controlling chemicals such as polygodial (Nakanishi & Kubo, 1977;Gibson et al, 19826) and derivatives of (E)-/?-farnesene, the main component of the alarm pheromone of aphids (Wientjens et al, 1973;Bowers et al, 1972;Pickett & Griffiths, 1980), decrease aphid settling and virus transmission (Dawson et al, 1982), but their mode of action is unknown.…”