Aphids detect approaching predators using plant-borne vibrations and visual cues

Gish, Moshe

doi:10.1007/s10340-020-01323-6

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…A striking aspect of this work was how little research had been conducted using nonvertebrate species: a review of prey responses to predator sounds found that 181/183 experiments used vertebrate prey (Hettena et al, 2014). Invertebrate responses to predator vibrational cues have been found in a number of systems, but those that have disentangled this modality from other predation risk cues have done so with water‐ or substrate‐borne vibrations (Castellanos & Barbosa, 2006; Gish, 2021; Roberts, 2017). With the notable exception of bat–insect interactions, insect responses to auditory predator cues have received minimal attention (Yack et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent review of insect responses to predation risk, for instance, listed multiple experiments manipulating visual and/or chemical predator cues but did not mention sound as a modality for prey threat assessment (Hermann & Landis, 2017). Studies that have explored the ability of insects to detect predators using vibrational cues have largely focused on plant‐ or substrate‐borne vibrations rather than airborne sound (Castellanos & Barbosa, 2006; Gish, 2021; Roberts, 2017). This gap is surprising because insects employ sound for an array of purposes (Low et al, 2021; Mason & Pollack, 2016) and laboratory‐based work has documented predator‐specific responses to auditory cues in multiple species (Breviglieri & Romero, 2019; Lee et al, 2021; Tautz & Markl, 1978; Taylor & Yack, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Auditory predator cues decrease herbivore survival and plant damage

Lee

Cohen

Baranowski

et al. 2023

Ecology

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The high fitness cost of predation selects prey capable of detecting risk cues and responding in ways that reduce their vulnerability. While the impacts of auditory predator cues have been extensively researched in vertebrate prey, much less is known about invertebrate species' responses and their potential to affect the wider food web. We exposed larvae of Spodoptera exigua, a slow‐moving and vulnerable herbivore hunted by aerial predators, to recordings of wasp buzzing (risk cue), mosquito buzzing (no‐risk cue), or a no‐sound control in both laboratory and field settings. In the laboratory, wasp buzzing (but not mosquito buzzing) reduced survival relative to the control; there was, however, no effect on time to or weight at pupation in survivors. In the field, wasp buzzing reduced caterpillar herbivory and increased plant biomass relative to the control treatment. In contrast, mosquito buzzing reduced herbivory less than wasp buzzing and had no effect on plant biomass. The fact that wasp cues evoked strong responses in both experiments, while mosquito buzzing generally did not, indicates that caterpillars were responding to predation risk rather than sound per se. Such auditory cues may have an important but largely unappreciated impacts on terrestrial invertebrate herbivores and their host plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory predator cues decrease herbivore survival and plant damage

Lee

Cohen

Baranowski

et al. 2023

Ecology

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“…These observations suggest the role of vibrational cues in M. vagabunda anti-predator behavior. Vibration cues are important in predator detection and avoidance in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Gish, 2021). Sustained substrate-borne vibrations cause several aphid species to leave the plant altogether (Parent et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of anti-predator behavior in the gall-forming aphidMordwilkoja vagabunda

Legan

2022

Preprint

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The gall-forming aphid Mordwilkoja vagabunda has been an outgroup in molecular studies of the evolution of social behavior in the Pemphigus genus, but Mordwilkoja aphids have not previously been assayed for social behavior, such as altruistic defense. This study reports experiments carried out in July in Ithaca, NY, USA, in which nymphs (immature aphids) of M. vagabunda were video recorded under a stereo microscope while they encountered pyralid moth larvae in a plastic arena. M. vagabunda nymphs of all instars used their legs to claw moth larvae while pressing their rostrums against the larvae, possibly to pierce the cuticle. Many of the attacking aphids were alatoid nymphs, rather than the specialized first instar soldiers typically observed in Pemphigus species. M. vagabunda nymphs moved in bursts that sometimes became synchronized among several aphids in the same vicinity. These synchronized, rhythmic movements may be anti-predator defense strategies comparable to the collective twitching and kicking response observed in colonies of Aphis nerii and other aphid species. Defensive behaviors by M. vagabunda nymphs may be altruistic fortress defense strategies which maximize inclusive fitness of the clone.

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“…These observations suggest the role of vibrational cues in M. vagabunda antipredator behavior. Vibration cues are important in predator detection and avoidance in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Gish, 2021). Sustained substrate vibrations cause several aphid species to leave the plant altogether (Parent et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of antipredator behavior in the gall‐forming aphid Mordwilkoja vagabunda

Legan

2022

Ecosphere

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The gall‐forming aphid Mordwilkoja vagabunda has been an out‐group in molecular studies of the evolution of social behavior in the Pemphigus genus, but Mordwilkoja aphids have not previously been assayed for social behavior, such as altruistic defense. This study reports experiments carried out in July in Ithaca, NY, in which nymphs (immature aphids) of M. vagabunda were video‐recorded under a stereomicroscope while they encountered pyralid moth larvae in a plastic arena. Mordwilkoja vagabunda nymphs of all instars used their legs to claw moth larvae while pressing their rostrums against the larvae, possibly to pierce the cuticle. Many of the attacking aphids were alatoid nymphs, rather than the specialized first‐instar soldiers typically observed in Pemphigus species. Mordwilkoja vagabunda nymphs moved in bursts that sometimes became synchronized among several aphids in the same vicinity. These synchronized, rhythmic movements may be antipredator defense strategies comparable to the collective twitching and kicking response observed in colonies of Aphis nerii and other aphid species. Defensive behaviors by M. vagabunda nymphs may be altruistic fortress defense strategies, which maximize the inclusive fitness of the clone.

show abstract

Aphids detect approaching predators using plant-borne vibrations and visual cues

Cited by 15 publications

References 102 publications

Auditory predator cues decrease herbivore survival and plant damage

Auditory predator cues decrease herbivore survival and plant damage

First record of anti-predator behavior in the gall-forming aphidMordwilkoja vagabunda

First record of antipredator behavior in the gall‐forming aphid Mordwilkoja vagabunda

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