Aplicación de técnicas de SIG en la planificación del transporte en Extremadura (España)

Abstract

GIS IN ROAD TRANSPORT PLANNING IN EXTREMADURA (SPAIN). Increasingly more importance is given to the role played by infrastructures as an element that shapes the landscape. New highways modify conditions of access, which consequently influences potential regional development. In this sense, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are suitable tools for the calculation of accessibility levels and the implementation of cartographical outputs and results. In the light of these premises, this work is aimed at designing a GIS transportation model in the Regional Community of Extremadura in order to make an inventory and to plan and analyse regional infrastructures from economic and social perspectives. It is also our aim to evaluate the effects derived from infrastructure changes on the landscape by considering the highway transportation systems.In this sense, the calculation of shorter pathways is of great importance in order to achieve realistic accessibility GIS models. These models need calculations of the distance between couples of objects. By means of the calculation of the shortest pathways, distances can be precisely measured through the network that monitors the movements instead of using straight-line distances. By using GIS, models can be created that allow us to predict future trends. In order to study the potential of the designed model, different indicators have been determined showing the communication levels in different areas of Extremadura. Indicators calculated for the different population centres and areas are accessibility in absolute and relative terms, times of minimum access and the gravitational pull in comparison with the most significant populated areas. Maps are then generated with the results obtained from each of the indicators.

Territorial Analysis of the Survival of European Aid to Rural Tourism (Leader Method in SW Spain)

“…As for the percentage of tourist resources, the region has almost 30% of its territory protected by natural resources (Nature network, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization-UNESCO) and more than 200 heritage resources that have been linked to tourism (with a high percentage also of protected Cultural Interest Assets of the Junta de Extremadura or at the international level by UNESCO). Road access is essential in the region, since rail lines are scarce and slow and there is only one airport with flights only to Madrid and Barcelona (in summer it extends its flights to the Canary Islands and the Balearic Islands) [53,54]. The region is structured by two state highways that run from north to south and from northeast to west, connecting the region with Madrid and Lisbon.…”

Accesibilidad peatonal a los servicios educativos de la ciudad de Ibagué-Tolima, Colombia

“…Los estudios de accesibilidad espacial a partir de los SIG tienen múltiples áreas de investigación. En España por ejemplo, se han realizado estudios en el campo del transporte y el acceso a servicios desde nivel local hasta nivel nacional que permiten la implantación de nuevas formas sostenibles de desplazamiento y limita el uso del vehículo privado (Mora Aliseda, Nogales Galán, Gutierréz Gallego, y Cortés Ruíz, 2003), (Gallego, Labrador, Cabanillas, y Pintor, 2013) y (Gutiérrez Gallego, Berrocal Nieto y Ruiz Labrador, 2014.…”

Caída De La Demanda Con La Distancia en El Uso Del Transporte Público: El Caso Del Acceso Al Campus Universitario De Cáceres

“…En los estudios de demanda del transporte, el uso de los SIG, es una herramienta básica y esencial para analizar la movilidad entre dos o más puntos y los factores que influyen en la misma, así como facilitar la representación gráfica del análisis efectuado (Gutiérrez Puebla et al 2008). Por tanto, el uso de los SIG constituye la herramienta de análisis principal de este tipo de estudios, como puede comprobarse en numerosos trabajos (Mora Aliseda et al 2003, Cardozo et al 2010, Rodríguez Díaz 2011, García-Palomares et al 2013, Pitarch Garrido 2015.…”

“…El concepto de "caída de la demanda con la distancia" (distance decay) se define como la relación entre la probabilidad de uso del servicio y la distancia al mismo. Este concepto se utiliza para determinar el área de influencia de las paradas, como puede evidenciarse en distintos estudios (Mora Aliseda et al 2003, Gutiérrez Puebla et al 2008, García-Palomares et al 2013, Martínez y Viegas 2013.…”