Aplicaciones biomédicas de biomateriales poliméricos

Abstract

Los materiales poliméricos han tenido una imagen desfavorable, ya que son asociados con contaminación. Sin embargo, estos son de gran importancia para la biomedicina. Los polímeros son materiales muy versátiles, se pueden obtener de múltiples configuraciones químicas y mezclas para generar materiales compuestos con propiedades sinérgicas. En esta investigación se realizó un análisis científico y tecnológico de las aplicaciones biomédicas de biomateriales poliméricos y se recopila algunas de sus aplicaciones, propiedades mecánicas y características importantes para la industria biomédica. Los biomateriales poliméricos son una temática de punta como se refleja en el número de artículos científicios y de patentes. En la actualidad, estos biomateriales pueden llegar a reemplazar, reforzar o cumplir una función específica en el cuerpo humano. No obstante, debido a la complejidad de los sistemas biológicos aún se siguen presentando reacciones inmunes, que evitan el desarrollo de tejidos u órganos funcionales a escala de laboratorio.

Recent Advances in Polymer Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery of Adjuvants in Colorectal Cancer Treatment: A Scientific-Technological Analysis and Review

“…However, oral administration is challenging for CRC as the drug needs to be protected during passage through the digestive tract before proper delivery. For this application, polymers are advantageous due to their processability at the nanoscale, their wide range of functional groups, and the possibility of generating mixtures, composites, and copolymers, among others [124], favoring the protection of the drug and its delivery profile.…”

“…Cellulose is the most abundant polymer on earth; it is composed of β1-4 linked d (+) glucose [124,130,131]. Cellulose and its derivatives have been reported as carriers of antioxidants.…”

“…Polyols are polymers with hydroxyl groups [156]. A representative polymer of this family is the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which is synthesized by the hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate [157,158].…”

Influence of the reaction time during the treatment of bacterial cellulose with sulfuric acid solution

“…At present, the three-dimensional (3D) printing technology (manufacture additive, rapid prototyping) as a way for the elaboration of Scaffold, is receiving significant attention in the field of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Science. In recent decades, there has been an increase in scientific and technological research for the development of new materials from renewable sources and potentially biodegradable [1][2][3][4][5].…”

“…Cellulose is the most abundant polymer on earth, its structure is predominant in plants and in some marine animals, and it can be synthesized by some fungi and bacteria. Bacterial cellulose is a polymer free of contaminants such as lignin and hemicelluloses; thereby it is an attractive biomolecule due to the ease of isolation and purification [2,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”