Apolipoprotein E and Cognitive Performance: A Meta-Analysis.

Small, Brent J.; Rosnick, Christopher B.; Fratiglioni, Laura; Bäckman, Lars

doi:10.1037/0882-7974.19.4.592

Cited by 409 publications

(445 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…This finding is in agreement with previous studies reporting relations between APOE genotype and cognitive function [8,31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The presence of at least one apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele-another important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)-is associated with dementia and lowered levels of cognition [7,8]. While some studies have indicated that the presence of at least one APOE ε4 allele is associated with lowered cognitive performance [9,10], negative findings have been reported in a number of investigations, particularly those in which persons with dementia or preclinical dementia have been excluded from the study samples [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Presence of the APOE ε4 allele modifies the relationship between type 2 diabetes and cognitive performance: the Maine–Syracuse Study

et al. 2009

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Aims/hypothesis The primary aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of one or more APOE ε4 alleles modifies the association between diabetes (defined by glucose ≥7 mmol/l or treatment) and cognitive function. Methods Diabetic status and APOE genotype interactions were assessed cross-sectionally for 826 communitydwelling, stroke-free, non-demented individuals (526 nondiabetic non-APOE ε4 carriers, 174 non-diabetic APOE ε4 carriers, 87 diabetic APOE ε4 non-carriers, 39 diabetic APOE ε4 carriers) ranging in age from 50 to 98 years. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the similarities subtest from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, and four composite scores derived from 17 additional neuropsychological tests. Multiple linear regression analyses were employed to relate diabetes and APOE genotype to cognitive performance and to examine the interaction between these two risk factors as they relate to cognitive performance. Multiple cardiovascular disease risk factors were statistically controlled. Results With adjustment for age, education, sex, race/ ethnicity and APOE genotype, performance level was lower for the diabetic than for the non-diabetic group for the MMSE, the similarities subtest and each of the cognitive composites with the exception of the verbal memory composite. Interactions (p<0.05) between diabetes and APOE genotype were found for all but the visual-spatial memory/organisation composite. The negative association between diabetes and cognitive performance was of a higher magnitude for individuals who carry one or more APOE ε4 alleles. Results were similar with additional adjustment for cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors. Conclusions/interpretation The presence of one or more APOE ε4 alleles modifies the association between diabetes and cognitive function.

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“…This finding is in agreement with previous studies reporting relations between APOE genotype and cognitive function [8,31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of the APOE ε4 allele modifies the relationship between type 2 diabetes and cognitive performance: the Maine–Syracuse Study

et al. 2009

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“…Specifically, the presence of a 4 allele was associated with poorer performance on tests of global cognitive functioning, episodic memory and executive functioning. No differences were observed however, on tests of perceptual speed, attention, short-term memory and visuospatial skills [31]. The absence of any significant observed effects, especially in the domain of attention, was thought to relate to the use of tests that were not sensitive enough to detect subtle impairments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Apolipoprotein ɛ4 and neuropsychological performance in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

Carson¹,

Barrett²,

Craig³

et al. 2010

Neuroscience Letters

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“…Metaanalyses also suggest both 4-related cognitive deficits, and 2-related cognitive benefits, in later life (3,4). However, there is accumulating evidence that the subclinical phase of dementia precedes eventual diagnosis by several years, even decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apolipoprotein E ε4 and Later-Life Decline in Cognitive Function and Grip Strength

Batterham¹,

Bunce²,

Christensen³

2013

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

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Objectives: Presence of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) 4 allele is a risk factor for dementia, while the 2 allele offers protection against dementia. There is also evidence for a relationship between APOE genotype and changes in cognitive function. It is not clear however, whether this relationship stems from undetected disease in persons genetically more vulnerable to dementia. This study examined whether APOE genotype was associated with either initial performance or change in performance on a range of cognitive and noncognitive tasks, after accounting for possible preclinical dementia.Design: A population-based cohort was assessed up to four times over 12 years. Participants:The sample was an Australian cohort of 590 participants aged 70 and over who were genotyped for APOE.Measurements: The outcomes were processing speed, verbal fluency, episodic memory, word recognition, face recognition, grip strength and reaction time.Results: Adjusted latent growth models indicated that 4 carriers had significantly poorer initial memory performance and greater declines in processing speed and word recognition, compared to 2 and 3 carriers. In addition, 2 carriers exhibited significantly less decline in right grip strength than 3 carriers. However, after excluding 125 participants with low global cognition scores, all genotype effects became non-significant.Conclusions: Over a 12 year period, findings indicate that APOE 4-related cognitive decline in older community-dwelling populations is due to a higher likelihood of preclinical dementia among 4 carriers. When possible dementia cases are removed from the analyses, 4 associations with cognitive decline become statistically unreliable. APOE and cognitive decline in late life 3

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Apolipoprotein E and Cognitive Performance: A Meta-Analysis.

Cited by 409 publications

References 71 publications

Presence of the APOE ε4 allele modifies the relationship between type 2 diabetes and cognitive performance: the Maine–Syracuse Study

Presence of the APOE ε4 allele modifies the relationship between type 2 diabetes and cognitive performance: the Maine–Syracuse Study

Apolipoprotein ɛ4 and neuropsychological performance in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

Apolipoprotein E ε4 and Later-Life Decline in Cognitive Function and Grip Strength

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