Apolipoprotein E, periodontal disease and the risk for atherosclerosis: a review

Pereira, Lianna Cavalcante; Nascimento, José Carlos Rodrigues; Rêgo, Juliana Magalhães C; Canuto, K.M.; Crespo-López, María Elena; Alvarez-Leite, Jacqueline I.; Baysan, Aylin; Oriá, Reinaldo B.

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.11.009

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…17 Studies have shown that ε4 increases the plasma levels of TC and LDL-C, as well as the risk for atherosclerosis. 18,19 Moreover, ε4 carriers have a 40% higher risk of developing ASCVD where treatment with statins is often ineffective, whereas ε2 carriers have been reported to exhibit a higher lipid-lowering effect with statins. 20,21 At 1 month follow-up of our patients, we observed that the levels of TC and LDL-C were significantly lowered with the same dose of statins, although there were no significant differences between the TG and HDL groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of APOE polymorphisms with lipid-lowering efficacy of statins in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2021

Ann Acad Med Singap

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Introduction: Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is a promising candidate for the diagnosis of hyperlipoproteinaemia and atherosclerosis. Polymorphisms in APOE have been reported to result in differential efficacies of statins in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Method: We classified APOE genotypes of 225 patients treated with atorvastatin and analysed the relationship between genotypes and blood lipid levels. Results: The baseline levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly lower in APOE ε4 than APOE ε3 carriers. Levels of TC and LDL-C decreased significantly after 1 month of atorvastatin treatment. Statins have a higher significant effect in reducing TC and LDL-C levels in APOE ε4 genotype. Conclusion: Polymorphism in APOE is related to the efficacy of atorvastatin in reducing the levels of TC and LDL-C. Keywords: Apolipoprotein E, lipid-lowering efficacy, polymorphism, statin, total cholesterol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of APOE polymorphisms with lipid-lowering efficacy of statins in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2021

Ann Acad Med Singap

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“…A recent study showed that oxysterols increased the osteogenic activity of PDLSCs, and the expression of ABCA1 increased significantly during osteogenesis [99]. Moreover, APOE-in particular, its isoform 4-was recently proposed to increase the risk of periodontitis [100], and APOE-2 allele is associated with higher prevalence of sporadic PD [101,102]. Thus, the APOE-ABCA1 pathway might play a role in this relationship, mainly within the catabolism of triglycerides and cholesterol, highly associated with PD and periodontitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network Protein Interaction in Parkinson’s Disease and Periodontitis Interplay: A Preliminary Bioinformatic Analysis

Botelho

Mascarenhas

Mendes

et al. 2020

Genes

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Recent studies supported a clinical association between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and periodontitis. Hence, investigating possible interactions between proteins associated to these two conditions is of interest. In this study, we conducted a protein–protein network interaction analysis with recognized genes encoding proteins with variants strongly associated with PD and periodontitis. Genes of interest were collected via the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) database. Then, we conducted a protein interaction analysis, using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database, with a highest confidence cutoff of 0.9 and sensitivity analysis with confidence cutoff of 0.7. Our protein network casts a comprehensive analysis of potential protein–protein interactions between PD and periodontitis. This analysis may underpin valuable information for new candidate molecular mechanisms between PD and periodontitis and may serve new potential targets for research purposes. These results should be carefully interpreted, giving the limitations of this approach.

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“…To date, some studies have shown that the interaction between T2DM and cardiovascular risk supports the progressive development of vascular injury, which leads to atherosclerosis [10]. Studies have pointed out that ApoE genotype is the main in uencing factor for the development of atherosclerosis [11,12], and differences in ApoE genotype can lead to differences in individual pathogenesis [13]. Therefore, the study on ApoE genotype polymorphism has been paid more and more attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of ApoE Gene Polymorphisms With Cardio-cerebrovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Chinese Population

Kong

Gao²,

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective: To analyze and study the relationship between ApoE gene polymorphism and cardio-cerebrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) in the Chinese Population. Methods: From January 2018 to January 2019, 1140 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were selected as the case group, including 590 patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) and 550 patients with cerebral infarction(CI), and 1198 patients with type 2 diabetes without complications during the same period were selected as the control group. General baseline data of the two groups were collected, such as gender, age, course of disease, lipid profile, HbA1C, BMI, blood pressure, carotid plaque and complications. ApoE genotypes were identified in all participants who participated in the study.Results: This study showed that the ApoE genotypes in both the case group and the control group had the highest frequency of E3/E3. The E3/E4 genotype frequency and E4 allele frequency in the case group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). In the case group, the frequency of E2/E3 and E3/E4 genotypes of CI group was lower than that of CHD group, while the frequency of E3/E3 genotype was higher than that of CHD group. TC and LDL-c levels were significantly increased in patients with ApoE E3/E4 genotype(P<0.05). ApoE genotype E3/E4 was more associated with carotid plaque than E2/E3. ApoE genotype and ApoE allele were positively correlated with TC and LDL-c levels (P<0.05).Logistic regression results show that ApoE gene polymorphism is associated with cardio-cerebrovascular complications in T2DM patients. ApoE E3/E4 genotype and allele E4 may be risk factors for T2DM patients with cardio-cerebrovascular complications.Conclusion: ApoE E3/E4 genotypes and T2DM patients carrying E4 allele have a higher risk of cardio-cerebrovascular complications than other genotypes. ApoE E2 allele has a certain protective effect , however E4 allele may be a risk factor for cardio-cerebrovascular complications in T2DM patients, and its mechanism may be related to the effect of ApoE gene on lipid metabolism.

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Apolipoprotein E, periodontal disease and the risk for atherosclerosis: a review

Cited by 25 publications

References 73 publications

Association of APOE polymorphisms with lipid-lowering efficacy of statins in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases

Association of APOE polymorphisms with lipid-lowering efficacy of statins in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases

Network Protein Interaction in Parkinson’s Disease and Periodontitis Interplay: A Preliminary Bioinformatic Analysis

Association of ApoE Gene Polymorphisms With Cardio-cerebrovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Chinese Population

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