Apoptosis in canine corpus luteum during spontaneous and prostaglandin-induced luteal regression

Aiudi, Giulio Guido; Albrizio, Maria; Caira, Michele; Cinone, Mario

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.02.029

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The luteal effects of PGF in dogs as in other species likely involves in addition to the observed vascular disruptions, luteal cell decreases in LH‐R and StAR, decreased progesterone synthesis, increases in PG synthesase and endogenous PGF and promotion of apoptosis. Exogenous PGF caused 60–80% increase in the apoptotic DNA fragmentation index of days 15–50 canine CL but only minimal increases in Bax ‐gene expression index (Aiudi et al 2006).…”

Section: Lh and Prolactin As Luteotrophic Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is progressive increase in cell death and a decrease in both cell numbers and cell size between days 30 and 120 (Dore 1989). Although apoptotic figures are never very prominent, some low level of apoptosis is involved, with caspase-3 activity detected approximately on day 65, along with increases in the DNA fragmentation apoptotic index and relative expression of the pro-apoptotic Bax gene (Aiudi et al 2006). Slow luteal regression is also associated with increased VEGF expression between days 10 and 50 (Mariani et al 2006).…”

Section: Luteal Regressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endocrinologic Control of Normal Canine Ovarian Function

Concannon

2009

Reprod Domestic Animals

136

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In dogs, the termination of the 3-10-month obligate anoestrus involves selection of a cohort of LH-sensitive follicles, presumably from a wave of dominant small antral follicles that would otherwise undergo atresia. The number and size of such follicles appears to increase, especially during the last 50 days of anoestrus when the already elevated concentrations of FSH become further elevated. The final selection and eventual terminal development of these follicles is caused by an increased frequency of high-amplitude LH pulses at the end of anoestrus. Concomitant increases in FSH are typically small or negligible. High concentrations of FSH in anoestrus are likely to be important in maintaining, if not stimulating, overlapping waves of dominant follicles throughout anoestrus, their expression of aromatase activity and basal oestradiol secretion sufficient to suppress LH by negative feedback. An attractive hypothesis is that late anoestrus increases in LH-stimulate synthesis of precursor androgen for already available FSH-dependent aromatase. After 7 or more days of elevated LH, and perhaps 2-5 days of semi-autonomous growth, with maximal oestradiol production reached, follicle capacity to further increase oestradiol becomes limited and excess progesterone becomes increasingly secreted. The pre-ovulatory LH surge and oestrus onset are then triggered - often synchronously and in concert with the terminal maturation of the follicles - by central effects of the large decrease in the oestrogen to progestin ratio. Follicular endocrine and paracrine events during and following the LH surge are likely similar to those reported for other species. The prolonged luteal phase lengths of 55-75 days in non-pregnant bitches bracket the 64 +/- 1 day in pregnancy and represent a genetically programmed luteal cell lifespan approximating gestation length as occurs in the luteal phase of hysterectomized animals of most polyoestrous artiodactyls and rodents. The 30-40-day slow regression after day 20 to 30 involves periodic cell death, diminution in cell size, low levels of apoptosis and minimal or modest involvement of endogenous prostaglandin F (PGF) production. The canine corpus luteum (CL) is dependent on both LH and prolactin as stimulating luteotrophins by day 15, and as required luteotrophins by days 20-25, if not earlier. Thereafter, both luteotrophins likely have cellular mechanisms of action similar to those reported for other species. Progesterone secretion during pregnancy is greatly enhanced by characteristic, and probably relaxin-stimulated, increases in prolactin concentration starting at or after day 25, and persisting to term. Near term, foetoplacental maturation results in the placental release of large, luteolytic amounts of PGF for 1-2 days pre-partum. Pre-partum luteolysis, like that induced by exogenous prostaglandin, likely involves a cascade enhanced by the removal of progesterone inhibition of PGF release and some degree of intra-luteal PGF synthesis. That a likely twofold or greater increase in progesterone ...

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Section: Lh and Prolactin As Luteotrophic Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Luteal Regressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrinologic Control of Normal Canine Ovarian Function

Concannon

2009

Reprod Domestic Animals

136

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“…However, this CLO ⁄ CAB group showed the most advanced degenerative changes with apoptotic nuclei in the luteal cells and in the blood vessels, suggesting that the process of morphological luteolysis was substantially finished at the time of examination. In a recently published paper (Aiudi et al 2006), the apoptotic index of CL after 1 day of PGFanalogue gel treatment was higher in early-pregnant bitches than in early-dioestrous bitches. Moreover, our macrophage observations are in accordance with an earlier report (Hoffmann et al 2004), suggesting that immune-mediated events play a key role in the induction of luteal regression of non-pregnant bitches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…However, this CLO/CAB group showed the most advanced degenerative changes with apoptotic nuclei in the luteal cells and in the blood vessels, suggesting that the process of morphological luteolysis was substantially finished at the time of examination. In a recently published paper (Aiudi et al. 2006), the apoptotic index of CL after 1 day of PGF‐analogue gel treatment was higher in early‐pregnant bitches than in early‐dioestrous bitches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Morphological Examination of the Corpora Lutea from Pregnant Bitches Treated with Different Abortifacient Regimes

Martin

Höftmann²,

Politt³

et al. 2009

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Different abortifacient regimes in dogs were analysed for their effect on the pregnancy corpora lutea (CL), namely, prostaglandin F2a analogue cloprostenol (CLO) combined with dopamine agonist cabergoline (CAB), or progesterone (P4) receptor antagonist aglepristone (AGL). Ovaries were collected after 6-10 days of treatment during first trimester. The CL of the control-group showed strong expression of relaxin (RLX), its receptor RXFP1 and enzymes of steroid biosynthesis (HSD) with high peripheral P4-levels. Whereas RXL, RXFP1 and HSD were lowest expressed in the CLO/CAB-group with a massive degeneration of CL and their blood vessels combined with low peripheral P4-level. The AGL-group showed less extensive CL degeneration and more intensive staining of the examined factors than CLO/CAB. In summary, all examined factors are associated with normal luteal function and are useful tools to stage luteolysis. Although both treatments have the same abortive action, their sequence of events on the CL is different.

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“…Moreover, we have assessed the BCL-2-to-BAX ratio in dogs, which is critically associated with luteal apoptosis as well as survival (ANTONSSON, 2001;AIUDI et al, 2006). When added to ovarian cell cultures, E2…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

O papel do 17β-estradiol no processo luteolítico de cadelas não prenhes

Neto¹,

Pereira²

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O 17β-estradiol (E2) desempenha um papel importante na função reprodutora e na fertilidade feminina, porém, sua ação é estendida para a maioria dos tecidos. Sabendo que o E2 tem funções pleiotrópicas em diferentes tecidos e órgãos, e que pode estar envolvido tanto na proliferação como na morte celular, nossa hipótese é que o E2 seja um dos iniciadores de regressão luteínica em cadelas não prenhes. Para testar nossa hipótese, foram usados corpos lúteos (CL) provenientes de 28 cadelas nos dias 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 The 17β-estradiol (E2) plays an important role in the reproductive function and female fertility, however, its action is extended to most tissues. Knowing that E2 has pleiotropic roles in different organs and tissues, and that might be involved in both cell death and proliferation, our hypothesis is that E2 is one of the triggers of luteal regression in non-pregnant bitches. To

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Apoptosis in canine corpus luteum during spontaneous and prostaglandin-induced luteal regression

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Endocrinologic Control of Normal Canine Ovarian Function

Endocrinologic Control of Normal Canine Ovarian Function

Morphological Examination of the Corpora Lutea from Pregnant Bitches Treated with Different Abortifacient Regimes

O papel do 17β-estradiol no processo luteolítico de cadelas não prenhes

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