Apoptosis in sulfur mustard treated A549 cell cultures

Evaluation of plasma, erythrocytes, and brochoalveolar lavage fluid antioxidant defense system in sulfur mustard-injured patients

“…Previous studies have reported the induction of apoptosis and necrosis in some cell types following exposure to SM. [41][42][43] Evidence indicates that N-acetylcysteine as an antioxidant can decrease apoptosis and necrosis in numerous systems, and it also improves the clinical conditions of mustard gas-exposed patients. 44,45 Lipid peroxidation, an oxidative degeneration of polyunsaturated fatty acids set into motion by free radicals, leads to the formation of highly reactive aldehydes such as malondialdehyde, which can bind covalently to proteins resulting in their structural modifications.…”

Involvement of caspases and transmembrane metalloproteases in sulphur mustard-induced microvesication in adult human skin in organ culture: Directions for therapy

“…Previous studies in several laboratories, including our own, showed that caspase activity is involved in the cell death pathway that is induced following exposure to mild concentrations of HD (Rosenthal et al, 1998(Rosenthal et al, , 2003Sourdeval et al, 2006;Steinritz et al, 2007;Ray et al, 2008;Mol et al, 2008). Rosenthal and coworkers reported evidence that HD induces apoptosis in cultured human keratinocytes via two pathways: an intrinsic mitochondrial mechanism and an extrinsic death receptor mechanism.…”

Acetylcholinesterase is associated with apoptosis in β cells and contributes to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus pathogenesis

“…AChE has been proposed to play a pivotal role in apoptosome formation [5,6], and synaptic AChE with an extended N-terminus induces apoptosis in neurons by interacting with other proteins [7,8]. Moreover, the appearance of this enzyme is considered as a marker for apoptosis under certain circumstances [9][10][11]. However, it is unknown whether AChE is induced in apoptotic cells in vivo.…”