Apoptosis in the Uterotubal Junction and Oviductal Isthmus during the Estrous Cycle of the Bitch

Urhausen, C.; Beineke, Andreas; Marion, P; Karre, Inga; Beyerbach, Martin; Günzel‐Apel, A.‐R.

doi:10.1002/ar.21300

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…This finding may be supported by Urhausen et al (2011) [44], who found a significant increase of apoptotic cells in the epithelium of the utero-tubal junction and caudal oviduct from day 2 to day 4 after ovulation, suggesting apoptosis to be an underlying mechanism of sperm detachment. The concomitant slight increase of the sperm number in the mid oviduct may provide evidence of a shift of spermatozoa to the site of fertilization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Distribution and viability of spermatozoa in the canine female genital tract during post-ovulatory oocyte maturation

et al. 2012

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BackgroundUnlike other domestic mammals, in which metaphase-II oocytes are ovulated, canine ovulation is characterized by the release of primary oocytes, which may take 12 to up to 36 hours. Further 60 hours are needed for maturation to secondary oocytes which then remain fertile for about 48 hours. Oestrus takes 7 to 10 days on average and may start as early as a week before ovulation. This together with the prolonged process of post-ovulatory oocyte maturation requires an according longevity of spermatozoa in the female genital tract in order to provide a population of fertile sperm when oocytes have matured to fertilizability. Therefore the distribution and viability of spermatozoa in the bitch genital tract was examined during post-ovulatory oocyte maturation.MethodsThirteen beagle bitches were inseminated on the day of sonographically verified ovulation with pooled semen of two beagle dogs containing one billion progressively motile spermatozoa. Ovariohysterectomy was performed two days later (group 1, n = 6) and four days later (group 2, n = 7). The oviduct and uterine horn of one side were flushed separately and the flushing’s were checked for the presence of gametes. The oviducts including the utero-tubal junction and the uterine horns, both the flushed and unflushed, were histologically examined for sperm distribution.ResultsThe total number of spermatozoa recovered by flushing was low and evaluation of viability was limited. Prophase-I oocytes were collected from oviduct flushing in group 1, whereas unfertilized metaphase-II oocytes were detected in group 2. From day 2 to day 4 after ovulation a significant decrease in the percentage of glands containing sperm (P<0.05) and a marked reduction of the mean sperm number in uterine horn glands were observed. A concomitant diminution of spermatozoa was indicated in the utero-tubal junction accompanied by a slight increase in sperm numbers in the mid oviduct.ConclusionsOocyte maturation to metaphase-II stage is accompanied by a continuous sperm detachment and elimination in the uterine horns. Entrance of spermatozoa into the caudal oviduct seems to be steadily controlled by the utero-tubal junction thus providing a selected sperm population to be shifted towards the site of fertilization when oocyte maturation is completed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Distribution and viability of spermatozoa in the canine female genital tract during post-ovulatory oocyte maturation

et al. 2012

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“…During anoestrus, a majority of secretory cells are present; however, the number of ciliated cells increases considerably during the peri‐ovulatory period (Urhausen et al. ; Fig. a, b).…”

Section: Post‐ovulatory Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Folliculogenesis, Ovulation and Endocrine Control of Oocytes and Embryos in the Dog

Reynaud

Fontbonne

Saint‐Dizier

et al. 2012

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Contents Reproductive physiology in dogs is quite unusual compared with that in other mammalian species. The peculiarities include the presence of numerous polyoocyte follicles, the ovulation of an immature oocyte (GV stage, non‐fertilizable) and a peri‐ovulatory period during which concentrations of circulating progesterone are particularly high. The aim of this review is to examine the unusual aspects of the reproductive physiology of dogs and how this relates to the clinical biology of this species.

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“…; Urhausen et al. ). Some of those changes are correlated with circulating P4 and 17β‐oestradiol (E2) concentrations (Verhage et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…; Urhausen et al. ). Specific P4 binding sites were evidenced in oviductal cytosols from Beagle bitches (Lessey and Gorell ; Lessey et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Immunolocalization of Progesterone Receptors in the Canine Oviduct around Ovulation

Tahir¹,

Reynaud²,

Mawa³

et al. 2012

Reprod Domestic Animals

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ContentsIn the bitch, oocyte maturation, sperm storage, fertilization and early embryo development take place within the oviducts under high and increasing circulating progesterone concentrations. To investigate the potential effects of progesterone on the canine oviduct, nuclear progesterone receptors (PR) were localized. Oviducts were collected by ovariectomy from adult Beagle bitches during anestrus, after the onset of proestrus but prior to the Luteinizing Hormone (LH) peak (Pre-LH), after the LH peak but before ovulation (Pre-ov) and on Days 1, 4 and 7 after ovulation (n = 3 bitches per stage). The cellular distribution of PR was studied by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the ampulla, isthmus and tubal part of the uterotubal junction (UTJ). Plasma progesterone and 17b-oestradiol were assayed on the day of surgery. PR were specifically expressed in the nuclei of epithelial, stromal and muscular cells in the ampulla, isthmus and UTJ. The IHC scores did not vary from one oviductal region to another. However, the epithelium displayed higher scores than the stroma at anestrus, Pre-ov, Days 4 and 7, and also higher scores than muscle at Days 4 and 7 (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry scores in the stroma and muscle decreased at Days 4 and 7 compared with previous stages (p < 0.05). Furthermore, muscular IHC scores were positively correlated with circulating 17b-oestradiol concentrations and negatively correlated with circulating progesterone concentrations (p < 0.05). In conclusion, PR were identified in the canine oviduct, with differences in expression between tissues and times around ovulation, suggesting that progesterone may regulate tubal functions and reproductive events in this species. IntroductionThe mammalian oviduct is the site of crucial events for reproduction, such as gamete transport, sperm capacitation and storage, fertilization and early embryo development (Croxatto 2002;Hunter 2005Hunter , 2012. The canine oviduct slightly differs from that of other mammals, in that it also provides a suitable environment for meiosis resumption of oocytes that occurs between 2 and 4 days after ovulation (Tsutsui 1989;Reynaud et al. 2005). Furthermore, the lifespan of gametes and embryos within the oviducts is particularly long in the bitch compared with other mammals: mature oocytes may remain fertilizable for 8 days (vs 8-18 h in most mammals; Betteridge 1995;Tsutsui et al. 2009), spermatozoa remain mobile up to 11 days (vs <3 days in most mammals; England et al. 2006;Hunter 2012), and embryos do not leave the oviduct earlier than the morula or blastocyst stage, 8-10 days after ovulation (vs 2 and 4 days in the sow and cow, respectively ;Tsutsui 1989; Betteridge 1995;Reynaud et al. 2005). Anatomically, the proximal and distal parts of the oviduct, referred to as ampulla and isthmus respectively, may be involved in the maturation and fertilization of oocytes, whereas the UTJ seems to play important roles in sperm storage and capacitation around ovulation (Tsutsui 1989;England et al. 2006).The tubal events described...

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Apoptosis in the Uterotubal Junction and Oviductal Isthmus during the Estrous Cycle of the Bitch

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Distribution and viability of spermatozoa in the canine female genital tract during post-ovulatory oocyte maturation

Distribution and viability of spermatozoa in the canine female genital tract during post-ovulatory oocyte maturation

Folliculogenesis, Ovulation and Endocrine Control of Oocytes and Embryos in the Dog

Immunolocalization of Progesterone Receptors in the Canine Oviduct around Ovulation

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