Apoptosis Induction of Epifriedelinol on Human Cervical Cancer Cell Line

Abstract

Background: Present investigation evaluates the antitumor activity of epifriedelinol for the management of cervical cancer by inducing process of apoptosis. Methods: Human Cervical Cancer Cell Line, C33A and HeLa were selected for study and treated with epifriedelinol at a concentration of (50-1000 µg/ml). Cytotoxicity of epifriedelinol was estimated by MTT assay and induction of apoptosis was assessed by estimating the activity of caspase 3, 8 and 9 enzyme, apoptosis assay and translocation of cytochrome c. Moreover an expression of several proteins that plays role in the apoptosis process was estimated by western blot method. Results: Result of the study suggested that treatment with epifriedelinol significantly decrease the viability count of cancerous cell in a dose perndent manner and also enhances the formation of oligonucleosome in both the cell lines. However activity of caspase enzymes and translocation of cytochrome c were enhanced after treatment with epifriedelinol. It was also observed that epifriedelinol treatment alters the ratio of pro-apoptotic to anti-apoptotic proteins and enhances the expressions of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP). Conclusion: Result of our study proves the anticancer activity of epifriedelinol in cervical cancer by inducing apoptosis as treatment with it enhances the production of oligonucleosomes, translocation of cytochrome c and activity caspase enzymes.

Hierarchies of knowledge: ethnobotanical knowledge, practices and beliefs of the Vhavenda in South Africa for biodiversity conservation

“… NCU0041 0.032 0.032 Red Guava ( Psidium guajava L . ) Mugwavha T E (Central and South America) C/W HG I Domestic utensils, food, drink, medicine a) Fruits: beverage; jelly; b) Leaves: stop bleeding wounds; c) Stem: brooms 1 a) Fruit: food; b) Whole plant: shade tree; c) Roots, leaves, bark: wounds; venereal disease [ 9 , 14 , 15 ]. NCU0117, 135, 32, 66, 110, 149, 167 0.129 0.161 Ochnaceae Yellow-peeling tree ( Brackenridgea zanguebarica Oliv) Mutavhatsindi T N W F/W Medicine a) Roots, stem, bark and leaves: medicine to protect homesteads and territories from enemies; b) Bark: Added to other medicines to enhance its potency 1 .…”

“… NCU0038, 61, 86 0.161 0.097 Solanaceae Black or Common Nightshade ( Solanum nigrum L) Muxe H E (Europe) W HG Food a) Leaves: cooked and eaten with porridge and other vegetables. a) Leaves: cooked and eaten with porridge; with meat or other vegetables; malaria and dysentery; anal are a known analgesic effects on toothache; b) used as a cholagogue; c) Roots and leaves: wounds [ 6 , 7 , 15 ]. NCU0108 0.032 0.032 Ulmaceae White Stinkwood ( Celtis africana Burm.…”

“…Exotic cultivated herbs such as Amaranthus hybridus , Colocasia esculenta and Cucurbita pepo are often consumed as vegetables and have become a vital component of the local diet and economy. Two invasive species used by the Vhavenda, Psidium guajava and Ricinus communis , have also been documented by other researchers as part of Venda’s repository of useful plants [ 14 , 15 ]. Despite the relatively low utilisation of exotic and invasive species, their use is also indicative of the positive role of widely dispersed species in the process of ethnobotanical adaptation as new species become introduced over time.…”

“…The aim of the study is to examine the use, cultural practices and beliefs associated with plant species among a rural community in South Africa for biodiversity conservation on communal lands using a case study of the Vhavenda. Ethnobotanical research on the Vhavenda has focused on people’s use and knowledge of indigenous plants [ 6 ], plants for food [ 7 ], nutrition [ 8 ], medicine [ 9 – 11 ], the treatment of livestock diseases [ 12 ], beverages [ 13 ], invasive species [ 14 , 15 ] and impacts of bark harvesting [ 10 ]. Some studies have addressed the role of Vhavenda culture and conservation of the wider bio-physical environment [ 16 ] and the protection of sacred sites [ 17 ].…”

Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products in Treatment of Cervical Cancer: A Review

“…The result showed that emodin was related to induction of cell cytotoxicity, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. When HeLa cells were treated by epifriedelinol isolated from Aster tataricus and Vitex peduncularis, the level of caspase-3, -8, and -9 were increased and Bcl-2, -xL, survivin, and actin were decreased at doses of 50 µg/mL, 100 µg/mL, 250 µg/mL, 500 µg/mL, and 1000 µg/mL for 72 h [30]. Through the mechanisms, it reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis by downregulating the expression of anti-apoptotic protein and enhancing the expressions of pro-apoptotic protein.…”